Pediatric viral gastroenteritis during eight years of study

Abstract

samples from 1,537 pediatric inpatients with gastroenteritis were tested for enteric viruses by electron microscopic and rotavirus enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay techniques. Rotaviruses were detected in 34.5% of these patients, enteric adenoviruses were detected in 4.7%,-27-nm viruses were detected in 1.6%, and at least one of these agents was found in 40.1% of the study subjects. Three infections were by an apparently new agent which morphologically is a rotavirus, but which failed to react in the rotavirus enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. During the first 8 calendar years of study, rotaviruses were detected in 39.0% of 577 patients in the even-numbered years and 30.3% of 702 patients in the odd-numbered years. Adenoviruses were found in all calendar months. Rotaviruses were found in inpatients in November through July, whereas-27-nm viruses were found in October through June. The percentage of patients who had a demonstrated viral infection rose steadily from 7.4% in September to 72.0% in January and then steadily declined to 2.9% in August. Viral infection was especially common in study subjects who were 7 through 24 months of age; 61% of such children had one or more enteric viruses. Rotavirus-infected patients tended to be younger during the months of greatest rotavirus activity than at the beginning and end of the rotavirus season, presumably because of a greater exposure to virus at the height of the rotavirus outbreak. In recent years, previously unrecognized rotaviruses, adenoviruses, and miscellaneous, mostly small (-27-nm) viruses have been detected and associated with gastroenteritis (

Viruses that multiply in the gut and cause endemic and epidemic gastroenteritis

“…Seasonal peaks of rotavirus disease are not nearly so pronounced in more tropical countries (Hieber et al, 1978). In the studies reported by Brandt et al (1983), Flewett et al (1974) and Middleton (1982), rotavirus disease was always more numerous in males. The majority of patients studied by these authors was less than 3 years of age.…”

“…Similar data is available from many children's hospitals in temperate parts of the world. The seasonal pattern January 1974-July 1982 of rotavirns gastroenteritis at the Children's Hospital National Medical Center, Washington, D.C. is well illustrated by Brandt et al (1983). Seasonal peaks of rotavirus disease are not nearly so pronounced in more tropical countries (Hieber et al, 1978).…”

A capsid gene-based real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay for the detection of marine vesiviruses in the Caliciviridae

“…A vesivirus isolated from mink, mink calicivirus (strain MCV9) (Evermann et al, 1983;Guo et al, 2001), was included in the analysis. RNA samples extracted from viruses representing three genogroups (G) of the genus Norovirus within the Caliciviridae were tested and included human noroviruses Norwalk virus (G1.1) (Kapikian et al, 1972), DC-56 (GII.1) (Brandt et al, 1983), and MD104-4 (GII.4) (Green et al, 2002), and murine norovirus strains NIH-MNV 2409 (Perdue et al, 2007) and MNV-1 (Karst et al, 2003) in Genogroup V. Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) serotype Indiana was used as a control to rule out nonspecific detection of an unrelated virus that produces clinical signs in swine similar to those induced by marine vesiviruses. The presence of VSV RNA was verified by the RT-PCR method of Rodriguez et al (1993).…”

Les gastroenterites virales

“…Les nombreux types de ce genre sont bien connus en pathologie humaine off ils causent des affections du tractus respiratoire, des conjonctivites, quelquefois des ad6nites m6sent6riques. Depuis l'introduction de la microscopie 61ectronique dans le diagnostic des GEV, on a rapport6 la pr6sence d'adenovirus morphologiquement typiques (photo 2) mais non cultivables et une 6tude au long cours ddmontre qu'ils sont les seconds par ordre de fr6quence dans les selles de gastroent6rites infantiles (3). Ces adenovirus non cultivables appartiennent /t des s6rotypes nouveaux.…”