Misexpression of a transcriptional repressor candidate provides a molecular mechanism for the suppression of awns by Tipped 1 in wheat

Würschum, Tobias; Jähne, Felix; Phillips, Andrew L.; Langer, Simon; Longin, C. Friedrich H.; Tucker, Matthew R.; Leiser, Willmar L.

doi:10.1093/jxb/eraa106

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Numerous multi-year studies conducted on different varieties of wheat demonstrated that detection of traits of awnedness could be due to influences of genes of almost all chromosomes, including modifier genes, and also genotypic environment and gene regulators. However, in most examined samples of soft wheat, non-awnedness is controlled by one В 1 dominant gene of 5AL chromosome (Huang et al, 2020;Würschum et al, 2020). Absence of the awnedness in F 1 hybrids, inherited from the speltoid mutant and expression of aristate forms among plants of F 2 generation confirms the fact of dominance of non-awnedness over awnedness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Genetic analysis of morphological traits of the spike and reproductivity elements of speltoid chemomutant Triticum aestivum

Yakymchuk

Sobolenko

Сорокіна

2020

Regul. Mech. Biosyst.

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Long use of the methods of direct intraspecies hybridization in the selective breeding of varieties of Triticum aestivum L. has led to narrowing of their gene fund and close similarity of the genetic potential of their selective breeding traits. Using the method of experimental mutagenesis, one can induce systemic mutants with features of other hexaploid Triticum species which can freely cross-breed with other hybridization offspring, contributing to extension of genetic potential of cultivated wheat and creation of varieties with new levels of manifestation of economically beneficial traits. We studied the pattern of inheritance of morphological traits of the ear, length of the stem and the elements of productivity of speltoid chemomutant of T. aestivum. For the genetic analysis we used hybrids F1 and F2 of soft wheat obtained by cross-breeding speltoid macromutant (Smuhlianka speltoid), induced by the impact of aqueous solution of N-nitroso-N-methylurea (NMU) in the concentration of 0.025% on the seeds of Smuhlianka variety, with plants of Smuhlianka variety (Erythrospermum variety) and Podoloanka (Lutescens variety). To determine the pattern of inheritance the spike morphology, length of the stem and the elements of productivity in F1 hybrids, we calculated the extent of phenotype domination. In populations of F2, we examined plants with different combinations of phenotype manifestation of ear morphology. In F1 hybrids, the speltoid shape of the ear, absence of awns and red colour of the glumes indicated the dominant pattern of inheritance. The high level of phenotype domination of length of the stem and ear, number of spikelets in the main ear indicates the inheritance of the features according to intermediate, partly dominant and over-dominant types. Taking into account the segregation according to the features of spike morphology, awnedness and colour of glumes, the plants of F2 population were divided into phenotype classes, that is 12 and 6 in the combinations of respectively Smuhlianka speltoid × Smuhlianka and Smuhlianka speltoid × Podolianka. We determined that the obtained results are the consequences of dihybrid linkage which corresponds to the theoretical proportion of 12 : 3 : 1. Segregation into non-aristate and aristate plants corresponds to the proportion of monogene segregation of 3 : 1. Within separately distinguished phenotype classes, no independent inheritance of the shape of the ear and awnedness was observed. Dihybrid segregation of F2 plants into speltoid, squarehead and varieties Lutescence/Erythrospermum with quantitative superiority of speltoid plants suggests the control of the trait by two non-allele genes with epistatic interaction. The red colour of the glumes indicates the dominant monogenic pattern of inheritance. Absence of independent inheritance of the shape of the ear and awnedness indicates localization of genes which determine these features in one chromosome.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Genetic analysis of morphological traits of the spike and reproductivity elements of speltoid chemomutant Triticum aestivum

Yakymchuk

Sobolenko

Сорокіна

2020

Regul. Mech. Biosyst.

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“…We investigated major peaks associated with awn length and identified three major peaks on chromosomes 5A, 6B, and 4A, respectively, which overlapped with previously reported B1 ( Tipped 1 ), B2 ( Tipped 2 ) and Hd ( Hooded ) QTL that were known as dominant suppressors for awn development [ 24 , 25 ] ( Figure 5 A; Supplemental Table S8 ). B1 has recently been cloned as a C 2 H 2 transcription factor with an EAR domain of transcription repression functions [ 26 , 38 , 39 , 40 ]. The most significant (−log 10 p = 12.85) InDel in the B1 locus in our study was Chr5A_700804911, located at 19.8 kb upstream of this C2H2 gene.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In wheat, B1 ( Tipped 1 ), B2 ( Tipped 2 ) and Hd ( Hooded ) have been known as genetic loci for awn development as early as 1940 [ 57 ]. However, the gene underlying B1 has not been cloned until recently as a C 2 H 2 transcription factor with an EAR domain of transcription repression functions [ 26 , 38 , 39 , 40 ]. Sequence polymorphisms in the B1 coding region were not observed in diverse wheat germplasm, whereas a nearby polymorphism was highly predictive of awn suppression [ 38 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

InDels Identification and Association Analysis with Spike and Awn Length in Chinese Wheat Mini-Core Collection

Wang

Deng

Kong

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Diversity surveys of germplasm are important for gaining insight into the genomic basis for crop improvement; especially InDels, which are poorly understood in hexaploid common wheat. Here, we describe a map of 89,923 InDels from exome sequencing of 262 accessions of a Chinese wheat mini-core collection. Population structure analysis, principal component analysis and selective sweep analysis between landraces and cultivars were performed. Further genome-wide association study (GWAS) identified five QTL (Quantitative Trait Loci) that were associated with spike length, two of them, on chromosomes 2B and 6A, were detected in 10 phenotypic data sets. Assisted with RNA-seq data, we identified 14 and 21 genes, respectively that expressed in spike and rachis within the two QTL regions that can be further investigated for candidate genes discovery. Moreover, InDels were found to be associated with awn length on chromosomes 5A, 6B and 4A, which overlapped with previously reported genetic loci B1 (Tipped 1), B2 (Tipped 2) and Hd (Hooded). One of the genes TaAGL6 that was previously shown to affect floral organ development was found at the B2 locus to affect awn length development. Our study shows that trait-associated InDels may contribute to wheat improvement and may be valuable molecular markers for future wheat breeding

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“…Recently, several papers reported the identification of the dominant awn inhibitor gene B1 in wheat 17 – 21 . Huang et al functionally characterized the B1 gene product as a C2H2 zinc finger protein with ethylene‐responsive element binding factor‐associated amphiphilic repression (EAR) motifs, and identified a homologous gene annotated as HORVU2Hr1G077570 in barley 18 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic analysis reveals four interacting loci underlying awn trait diversity in barley (Hordeum vulgare)

Huang¹,

Huang²,

Hong³

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Barley ( Hordeum vulgare ) awns contribute to grain yield, but the genetic basis of awn development remains largely unclear. Five barley lines differing in awn traits and row types were used to create four F 2 populations. Genetic analyses revealed that four pairs of genes were involved in awn development: A / a (awnless/awned), B / b (awnless/awned), H / h (hooded/straight), and L / l (long/short). Of these four loci, A , H and L functioned on both central rows (CR) and lateral rows (LR) of the barley spikes, while B exhibited effect only on LR. A and B had duplicate effects on LR, and both showed dominant epistasis to loci H and L, whereas H was epistatic to L. Meanwhile, A and B were found to be genetically linked, with a row-type locus V located between them. The genetic distances of A - V and B - V were estimated to be 9.6 and 7.7 cM, respectively. Literature search suggested that A , H and V may correspond to the reported Lks1 , Kap1 and Vrs1 , respectively, whereas B is a novel gene specifically controlling awn development on LR, designated as Lsa1 for lateral spikelet awnless 1 . The only barley homolog of wheat awn inhibitor gene B1 , HORVU2Hr1G077570 , is a potential candidate of Lsa1 .

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Misexpression of a transcriptional repressor candidate provides a molecular mechanism for the suppression of awns by Tipped 1 in wheat

Cited by 14 publications

References 39 publications

Genetic analysis of morphological traits of the spike and reproductivity elements of speltoid chemomutant Triticum aestivum

Genetic analysis of morphological traits of the spike and reproductivity elements of speltoid chemomutant Triticum aestivum

InDels Identification and Association Analysis with Spike and Awn Length in Chinese Wheat Mini-Core Collection

Genetic analysis reveals four interacting loci underlying awn trait diversity in barley (Hordeum vulgare)

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