Basic Dimensions of Definitions of Leisure

Iso‐Ahola, Seppo E.

doi:10.1080/00222216.1979.11969373

Cited by 184 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The preception of freedom in care is similar to the concept of perceived freedom. Perceived freedom has been considered the essence of leisure both in conceptual models of leisure (Kelly, 1972;Neulinger, 1974) and in empirical research on leisure experiences (Gunter, 1987;Henderson, 1990;Iso-Ahola, 1979;Kleiber, Larson, & Csikszentmihalyi, 1986;Lee et al, 1994;Mannell, 1979;Samdahl, 1988;Shaw, 1984Shaw, , 1985Unger, 1984). This research suggests that "an activity or setting is more likely to be construed as leisure when people attribute their reason for participation to themselves (i.e., it is freely chosen)" (Mannell & Kleiber, 1997, p. 107).…”

Section: Discussion: Making Sense Of Leisure In the Caregiving Contextmentioning

confidence: 94%

Institution-Based Caregiving as a Container for Leisure

Dupuis¹

2000

Leisure Sciences

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Section: Discussion: Making Sense Of Leisure In the Caregiving Contextmentioning

confidence: 94%

Institution-Based Caregiving as a Container for Leisure

Dupuis¹

2000

Leisure Sciences

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“…In recent years this problem has been increasingly recognized by researchers in the field. The lack of definitional consistency in the literature has been widely commented on (e.g., Kelly, 1972;Iso-Ahola, 1979;Neulinger, 1981;and others). The discrepancy between definitions of leisure in the theoretical literature and operational definitions used in much of the empirical research has been analyzed (Shaw, 1979).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The meaning of leisure in everyday life

Shaw

1985

Leisure Sciences

221

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One of the ongoing problems surrounding the whole area of leisure studies concerns conceptualization of the term leisure itself. Few empirical studies to date have looked at the meaning of leisure, and even fewer have incorporated a grounded theory approach.Using a symbolic interactionist framework, the present study employed a time-diary technique combined with indepth interviews to explore perceptions of leisure situations among a random sample of married couples. The results showed that although leisure could be experienced during almost any type of activity, there was considerable consensus with regard to the perceptual factors associated with leisure situations. The factors shown to best differentiate leisure from non-leisure were enjoyment, freedom of choice, relaxation, intrinsic motivation, and the lack of evaluation. None of these factors alone can be equated with the concept of leisure, but the combination of three or more factors leads to accurate predictions of the definition of situations as leisure.KEY WORDS: Meaning of leisure, experience of leisure, perceptual dimensions of leisure, symbolic interactionism, sex differences.

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“…However, not only do sociodemographic variables turn out to be somewhat insensitive to predicting interindividual difference in meanings (e.g., Donald & Havighurst, 1959;Iso-Ahola, 1979;Kleiber, Caldwell, & Shaw, 1993;Shaw, 1985;Unger & Kernan, 1983), but they also fail to illuminate intraindividual differences.…”

Section: Problems With the Coalition Of Paradigmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Leisure meanings research exemplifying the cognitivist approach includes Neulinger's (1974) leisure paradigm, Iso-Ahola's (1976, 1979 description of the in uence of personality dispositions in forming leisure meanings, Mannell's (1984) leisure as self-entertainment concept, Weissinger and Iso-Ahola's (1984) exposition of intrinsic motivation, and Ellis and Witt's (1986) Leisure Diagnostic Battery. Although it is somewhat harder to classify the epistemological bases of empirical studies conducted by Pierce (1980); Unger and Kernan (1983); Kleiber, Larson, and Csikszentmihalyi (1986);and Gunter (1987), these authors' respective characterizations of leisure appear consistent with the cognitivist goal of locating a universal representation of leisure.…”

Section: The Cognitivist Paradigm Of Learningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ways of Learning about Leisure Meanings

Watkins¹

2000

Leisure Sciences

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The purpose of this article is to frame the analysis of leisure meanings within the discourse of learning theory and to answer three questions:1. How do individuals gain knowledge about and form a meaning of leisure? 2. How do individuals form different meanings of leisure? 3. How do individuals change their meanings of leisure?These questions are based on two assumptions: Individuals form a meaning of leisure from knowledge learned about the phenomenon, and individuals have the capacity to learn different leisure meanings. Given the validity of these assumptions, it may be inferred that various accounts of leisure meanings reported in the literature correspond with different theoretical explanations of how individuals learn about leisure.How individuals learn is an epistemological question in which attention is directed toward determining not only the nature and sources of knowledge but also the strengths and weaknesses of particular ways of knowing. To this end, four theoretical paradigms of learning are described in terms of their respective accounts of learning and then illustrated with examples drawn from research on leisure meanings. These paradigms are referred to as behaviorism, cognitivism, individual constructivism, and social constructivism (after Bower

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Basic Dimensions of Definitions of Leisure

Cited by 184 publications

References 11 publications

Institution-Based Caregiving as a Container for Leisure

Institution-Based Caregiving as a Container for Leisure

The meaning of leisure in everyday life

Ways of Learning about Leisure Meanings

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