Three-dimensional Printer Molds for Vaginal Agenesis: An Individualized Approach as Conservative Treatment

Abstract

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of vaginal molds, made with three-dimensional (3D) printing, for conservative treatment through vaginal dilation in patients with vaginal agenesis (VA). Methods A total of 16 patients with a diagnosis of VA (Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome, total androgen insensitivity syndrome, and cervicovaginal agenesis) from the Federal University of São Paulo were selected. Device production was performed in a 3D printer, and the polymeric filament of the lactic polyacid (PLA) was used as raw material. A personalized treatment was proposed and developed for each patient. Results There were 14 patients who reached a final vaginal length of 6 cm or more. The initial total vaginal length (TVL) mean (SD) was 1.81(1.05) and the final TVL mean (SD) was 6.37 (0.94); the difference, analyzed as 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was 4.56 (5.27–3.84) and the effect size (95% CI) was 4.58 (2.88–6.28). Conclusion The 3D printing molds for vaginal dilation were successful in 87.5% of the patients. They did not present any major adverse effects and offered an economical, accessible, and reproducible strategy for the treatment of VA.

The Use of Three-dimensional Printer Molds for Treatment of Vaginal Agenesis

“…Additive manufacturing is also an economically viable technology in the production of small batches of customized products compared to conventional methods, making it an interesting alternative in the production and research of customized products. 4 According to a study by Fernandes et al 5 published in the current issue, the application of this technology in the production of dilators for vaginal agenesis proved to be effective, economically viable, accessible and reproducible. Therefore, dilators can be produced in a gynecological care service equipped with a 3D printer and a qualified professional, allowing women with vaginal agenesis to have access to the recommended treatment for their condition.…”

“…According to a study by Fernandes et al 5 published in the current issue, the application of this technology in the production of dilators for vaginal agenesis proved to be effective, economically viable, accessible and reproducible. Therefore, dilators can be produced in a gynecological care service equipped with a 3D printer and a qualified professional, allowing women with vaginal agenesis to have access to the recommended treatment for their condition.…”