Clinical Features and Maternal-fetal Results of Pregnant Women in COVID-19 Times

Abstract

Objective Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which usually leads to non-specific respiratory symptoms. Although pregnant women are considered at risk for respiratory infections by other viruses, such as SARS and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), little is known about their vulnerability to SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, this study aims to identify and present the main studies on the topic, including the postpartum period. Methods In this narrative review, articles were searched in various databases, organizations, and health entities using keywords compatible with medical subject headings (MeSH), such as: COVID-19, pregnancy, vertical transmission, coronavirus 2019, and SARS-CoV-2. Results The review of the scientific literature on the subject revealed that pregnant women with COVID-19 did not present clinical manifestations significantly different from those of non-pregnant women; however, there are contraindicated therapies. Regarding fetuses, studies were identified that reported that infection by SARS-CoV-2 in pregnant women can cause fetal distress, breathing difficulties and premature birth, but there is no substantial evidence of vertical transmission. Conclusion Due to the lack of adequate information and the limitations of the analyzed studies, it is necessary to provide detailed clinical data on pregnant women infected with SARS-CoV-2 and on the maternal-fetal repercussions caused by this infection. Thus, this review may contribute to expand the knowledge of professionals working in the area as well as to guide more advanced studies on the risk related to pregnant women and their newborns. Meanwhile, monitoring of confirmed or suspected pregnant women with COVID-19 is essential, including in the postpartum period.

O estresse emocional em gestantes no contexto da pandemia do Covid-19

“…Até o momento não há comprovação científica de que a transmissão vertical do COVID-19 possa ocorrer (Godoi et al, 2021), mas inopinadamente a transmissão horizontal aconteça caso não haja controle das precauções primárias contra o vírus, principalmente durante a amamentação e se a parturiente é sintomática (Oliveira et al, 2021). De acordo com o relato de experiência de enfermeiras consultoras de amamentação, as lactantes insistiram em oferecer o leite materno para seus recémnascidos e como em qualquer outro momento, algumas mostraram dificuldades para amamentar apresentando e relatando dores, desconfortos, ingurgitamento mamário e diminuição na produção do leite, dessa maneira, as consultoras ainda puderam auxilialas presencialmente, trajando toda a paramentação necessária, quanto nos problemas mamários apresentados, tanto na paramentação das parturientes durante a amamentação (Lima et al, 2020).…”