Graphene-based materials for catalysis

Machado, Bruno F.; Serp, Philippe

doi:10.1039/c1cy00361e

Cited by 891 publications

(508 citation statements)

References 394 publications

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“…Accordingly, the scaled up and unswerving fabrication of graphene derivatives, such as graphene oxide (GO) and reduced GO (RGO), [9][10][11][12] offers a wide range of possibilities to synthesize graphene-based functional materials that can be used either as supports for immobilizing active species or as metal-free catalysts. 13,14 Given the colossal consideration motivated by the properties, graphene-based materials are now increasingly used in organic synthesis as alternative heterogeneous reusable catalysts for various selective transformations of simple and complex molecules. The purpose of the present review is to summarize the utility of graphene-based catalysts ( Figure 1) with emphasis on the recent up-to-date synthetic applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Versatilities of graphene-based catalysts in organic transformations

Garg

Ling

2013

Green Materials

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Versatilities of graphene-based catalysts in organic transformations

Garg

Ling

2013

Green Materials

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“…Mechanical strength is one of the several advantages of using graphene and can be changed by adjusting the graphene concentration. Therefore, the preparation of hydrogel containing graphene has been applied to various fields including energy storage [96], catalysts [97], and sensors [98]. Lee et al showed that graphene film improved MSC proliferation and differentiation when compared to a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) film.…”

Section: Carbonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incorporation of Conductive Materials into Hydrogels for Tissue Engineering Applications

Min¹,

Koh²

2018

Preprint

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In the field of tissue engineering, conductive hydrogels have been the most effective biomaterials to mimic the biological and electrical properties of tissues in the human body. The main advantages of conductive hydrogel include not only its physical properties, but also its adequate electrical properties, thus providing electrical signals to cells efficiently. However, when introducing a conductive material into a non-conductive hydrogel, a conflicting relationship between the electrical and mechanical properties may develop. This review examines the strengths and weaknesses of the generation of conductive hydrogels using various conductive materials and introduces the use of these conductive hydrogels in tissue engineering applications.

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“…The synthesis of graphene is based on oxidation of graphite and reduction of the graphite oxide, using chemical or thermal methodologies. This procedure was invented by Hummers 9 and improved, as described Park et al 10,11 Graphenes are frequently used as supports for producing catalyst with high surface area. They also present strong interaction with the metals or oxide, with excellent electronic properties, which allow improving the adsorption-desorption-reaction process.…”

Section: Graphenesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenge - Nanotechnology in Engineering

Schmal

2017

IPCSE

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Figure 1 Publication increasing every year.In engineering we must stand out the properties associated to different morphologies, where the activity and selectivity are strongly affected by the form and particle sizes and, in the case of crystallite phases, on the direction and exposure to different faces. The reactions influenced by these factors are well known as structure sensitive or insensitive reactions. Therefore, small sizes and high surface/volume ratios provide excellent reactivity, when compared to the bulk materials. There are several natural and synthesized materials with specific properties, which cover practically all applied engineering and medicine. A general view of applied nanostructure systems is shown in Figure 2. Nanostructured materialsThere are several ways leading to synthesize nanostructured materials. The methods may involve preparation of new compounds starting from different precursors, which represents the chemical route or vaporization processes followed by refrigeration of the proper material under controlled conditions.The catalytic activity of chemical processes depends on the metallic particle sizes. These particles also depend on the preparation methods and treatment conditions. The sizes and morphologies changed significantly using different stabilizers. Suslick et al.2 studied the Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis with Fe/SiO 2 catalysts, synthesized by different methods resulting in different particles sizes. Comparing the activity of the catalysts prepared by impregnation with the prepared by sonochemical method, it shows that the activity for nanoparticles exhibited elevated rates when compared to the larger particles. Experiments allow to obtain nanocrystals in a wide range of sizes and shapes presenting active sites that allow to promote diverse chemical reactions. Control at the molecular level about the nature of active centers is important. Thus, different systems were studied and synthesized using colloidal chemical processes. In this way, nanostructures with a very homogeneous distribution were obtained, which depend fundamentally on the methods used, for example, nanotowers, nanocone, nanobottle, nanoflowers, nanoarrows, nanorods, nanowires. Fine films or porous membranes and nanotubes of chemically stable conducting oxides with high surface and functionalized areas were obtained for use in photovoltaic systems, photodetectors, photo-electrochemical, photo-catalysis, and chemical electrodes.

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Graphene-based materials for catalysis

Cited by 891 publications

References 394 publications

Versatilities of graphene-based catalysts in organic transformations

Versatilities of graphene-based catalysts in organic transformations

Incorporation of Conductive Materials into Hydrogels for Tissue Engineering Applications

Challenge - Nanotechnology in Engineering

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