High-efficiency solution processable polymer photovoltaic cells by self-organization of polymer blends

Li, Gang; Shrotriya, Vishal; Huang, Jinsong; Yao, Yan; Moriarty, T.; Emery, Keith; Yang, Yang

doi:10.1038/nmat1500

Cited by 5,341 publications

(3,701 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…These features have led to their applications in electrical and optical devices such as light-emitting diodes, 3,4 solar cells, 5,6 and field-effect transistors. 7 It is currently understood that thin films of these polymers contain both ordered (crystalline) and disordered (amorphous) regions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electronic Structure of Disordered Conjugated Polymers: Polythiophenes

2008

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Electronic structure of disordered semiconducting conjugated polymers was studied. Atomic structure was found from a classical molecular dynamics simulation and the charge patching method was used to calculate the electronic structure with the accuracy similar to the one of density functional theory in local density approximation. The total density of states, the local density of states at different points in the system and the wavefunctions of several states around the gap were calculated in the case of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and polythiophene (PT) systems to gain insight into the origin of disorder in the system, the degree of carrier localization and the role of chain interactions. The results indicated that disorder in the electronic structure of alkyl substituted polythiophenes comes from disorder in the conformation of individual chains, while in the case of polythiophene there is an additional contribution due to disorder in the electronic coupling between the chains. Each of the first several wavefunctions in the conduction and valence band of P3HT is localized over several rings of a single chain.It was shown that the localization can be caused in principle both by ring torsions and chain bending, however the effect of ring torsions is much stronger. PT wavefunctions are more complicated due to larger interchain electronic coupling and are not necessarily localized on a single chain.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electronic Structure of Disordered Conjugated Polymers: Polythiophenes

2008

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“…So far, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of polymer solar cells has been gradually improved by controlling the nanomorphology of the active layer as well as by introducing new tailored polymer materials based on bandgap engineering. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11] Recent reports have forecast that the PCE of polymer solar cells can reach 11-16 % via further bandgap engineering of semiconducting polymers and acceptor molecules. [12,13] However, in addition to enhancing the efficiency, the stability of polymer solar cells is a critical issue for their commercialization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Initial Performance Changes of Polymer/Fullerene Solar Cells by Short‐Time Exposure to Simulated Solar Light

Kim¹,

Shin²,

Park³

et al. 2010

ChemSusChem

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“…The device structure included a thin PEDOT:PSS buffer layer followed by a 2% 1:1 weight ratio of P3HT:PCBM spin-coated and "slow-grown" from dichlorobenzene. 34 Finally, thermal evaporation of Al and Ca provided the reflective cathode.…”

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confidence: 99%

Low-Temperature Solution Processing of Graphene−Carbon Nanotube Hybrid Materials for High-Performance Transparent Conductors

et al. 2009

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We report the formation of a nanocomposite comprised of chemically converted graphene and carbon nanotubes. Our solution-based method does not require surfactants, thus preserving the intrinsic electronic and mechanical properties of both components, delivering 240 Ω/0 at 86% transmittance. This low-temperature process is completely compatible with flexible substrates and does not require a sophisticated transfer process. We believe that this technology is inexpensive, is massively scalable, and does not suffer from several shortcomings of indium tin oxide. A proof-of-concept application in a polymer solar cell with power conversion efficiency of 0.85% is demonstrated. Preliminary experiments in chemical doping are presented and show that optimization of this material is not limited to improvements in layer morphology.

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High-efficiency solution processable polymer photovoltaic cells by self-organization of polymer blends

Cited by 5,341 publications

References 29 publications

Electronic Structure of Disordered Conjugated Polymers: Polythiophenes

Electronic Structure of Disordered Conjugated Polymers: Polythiophenes

Initial Performance Changes of Polymer/Fullerene Solar Cells by Short‐Time Exposure to Simulated Solar Light

Low-Temperature Solution Processing of Graphene−Carbon Nanotube Hybrid Materials for High-Performance Transparent Conductors

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