Occurrence of Thin Membranes in the Structure of Wool

Lindberg, Joel; Philip, Bo; Gralén, Nils

doi:10.1038/162458b0

Cited by 75 publications

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“…The manner of preparation is sufficient to establish the fact that the films must lie on the outside of the fibers. The epicuticle, as seen in the electron microscope, appears as a thin, uniformly thick (about * The U epicuticle&dquo; was isolated by Lindberg, Philip, and Gralen [13], but a number of earlier observations pointed to its existence [8,17,25].…”

Section: The Cuticlementioning

confidence: 94%

“…It is not dissolved by chlorine, alkalies, strong acids, sodium sulfide (which has a strong action on true keratin), or enzymes. It was, in fact, first isolated from solutions of wool in sodium sulfide [13]. Such observations indicate that the epicuticle is not keratin.…”

Section: The Cuticlementioning

confidence: 95%

“…The chlorine preferentially attacks the intermediate layer (see below), loosening the epicuticle, which then may be shaken off (see Figure 5). In the aqueous suspension are found the characteristic thin membranes such as are illustrated in the original papers [12,13] and the accompanying paper [16]. The manner of preparation is sufficient to establish the fact that the films must lie on the outside of the fibers.…”

Section: The Cuticlementioning

confidence: 98%

“…Evidence for tlze Multiple Structure of the Cuticle The evidence for the existence of the epicuticle is simple and direct [ 12,13] . Wool fibers are lightly chlorinated, washed, and shaken in water.…”

Section: The Cuticlementioning

confidence: 98%

See 3 more Smart Citations

The Fine Histology of the Keratin Fibers

Lindberg¹,

Mercer

Philip³

et al. 1949

Textile Research Journal

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Section: The Cuticlementioning

confidence: 94%

Section: The Cuticlementioning

confidence: 95%

Section: The Cuticlementioning

confidence: 98%

Section: The Cuticlementioning

confidence: 98%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The Fine Histology of the Keratin Fibers

Lindberg¹,

Mercer

Philip³

et al. 1949

Textile Research Journal

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“…The epicuticle of wool-that is, the thin membrane covering the fiber surface-was first isolated by treating wool with dilute Na2S at room temperature [5]. This procedure is, however, rather time-consuming, as it requires at least a month to carry out.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Action of Alkali on the Epicuticle of Wool

Lagermalm

Philip

1950

Textile Research Journal

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A short-time treatment for isolating epicuticle from wool is described. Electron micrographs showing the penetration and disintegrating of the epicuticle caused by dilute Na 2 S or KOH are shown. These phenomena and their connection with the increased dyeing velocity and some other phenomena after treatment with alcoholic KOH are discussed. Experimental ProcedureThe epicuticle of wool-that is, the thin membrane covering the fiber surface-was first isolated by treating wool with dilute Na2S at room temperature [5]. This procedure is, however, rather time-consuming, as it requires at least a month to carry out. A more rapid method, which yields samples of almost equal quality, is to treat wool with 1% Na-2S solution at 60°C for about 24 hrs. and then with a solution of the same concentration at room temperature for about 1 wk. Since after standing some time solutions of Na2S often will form precipitates or become discolored, it is recommended that the wool residue be washed after the elevated-temperature treatment so that impurities originating from the Na2S can he avoided.It is very difficult to get the epicuticle absolutely pure. Electron microscopy reveals that a great part of the membranes in a specimen can be obtained completely free from adhering substances, but that there will at the same time be some membranes with adhering bits of the exocuticle. Also larger particles, including elements from the endocuticle, can be found in the same specimen. Figure 1 is an electron micrograph of a piece of epicuticle, isolated by the short-time treatment and rather free from adhering substance. It has been shadowed with gold-manganin at an angle of 4: 1. (The wool had been subjected to a treatment with 2% KOH in ethyl alcohol for 5 min. before the Na2S treatment. This is irrelevant, as the same results have been ob-FIG. 1. Epicuticle) isolated by the short-tz1ne treatment with dilute Na2S, and rather free f rom adhering substances. Shadowed with gold-manganin.

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Wool Fibres

Burkinshaw

2015

Physico‐chemical Aspects of Textile Coloration

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Occurrence of Thin Membranes in the Structure of Wool

Cited by 75 publications

References 0 publications

The Fine Histology of the Keratin Fibers

The Fine Histology of the Keratin Fibers

The Action of Alkali on the Epicuticle of Wool

Wool Fibres

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