Clinical predictors of urinary incontinence in women

Cundiff, Geoffrey W.; Harris, Robert L.; Coates, Kimberly W.; Bump, Richard C.

doi:10.1016/s0002-9378(97)70185-6

Cited by 85 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…We noted that only sensitivity was low compared to other parameters and clinical evaluation was positively correlated with urodynamic and definitive diagnoses. Recent publications imply that medical history alone can result in misdiagnosis in 15-25% of stress UI patients [4]. However, urodynamic study has been accepted as gold standard in the vast majority of these studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Diagnostic Values of Medical History, Physical Examination and Urodynamic Study in Women With Urinary Incontinence

2017

American Research Journal of Urology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Diagnostic Values of Medical History, Physical Examination and Urodynamic Study in Women With Urinary Incontinence

2017

American Research Journal of Urology

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“…As there are functioning hormone receptors in the bladder, there should be a ‘bladder sex’ and this may effect the bladder functions. These experimental and clinical observations may help in understanding the presence of an autonomic mechanism which controls the bladder, and these findings may also explain some unclarified bladder neck disorders in adults and children [3, 20, 21]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Different Sex Hormones on Male Rabbit Urodynamics: An Experimental Study

Celayır¹

2003

Horm Res Paediatr

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Background: The effects of different sex hormones on urodynamics in female rabbits have been investigated previously. Estrogen induces an increase in bladder capacity and compliance, whereas testosterone and progesterone reduced bladder capacity and compliance. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of sex hormones on bladder urodynamics in male rabbits. Methods: 5 groups were set up for the study: group I, low midline laparotomy (LML) + 0.9% NaCl; group II, LML + testosterone; group III, LML + bilateral orchiectomy (BO) + testosterone; group IV, LML + BO + progesterone, and group V, LML + BO + estrogen. Baseline urodynamic records and blood sex hormone levels were measured. In the follow-up all rabbits from each group underwent urodynamics 5, 10 and 30 days after injection. Estrogen, progesterone and testosterone levels were also measured during the follow-up period. For statistical verification Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis χ² tests were used. Results:Hormone levels: Testosterone levels were found to be increased in groups II and III 5 and 10 days after the injection. Testosterone declined thereafter and returned to baseline levels on day 30. In groups IV and V progesterone and estrogen levels increased after the injection and returned to baseline levels on day 30. Urodynamics: In groups II and III testosterone increased the bladder capacity and compliance on days 5 and 10. In these groups, capacity and compliance decreased thereafter and returned to the baseline levels on day 30. These urodynamic findings correlated with the alterations in blood testosterone levels. In groups I and IV no changes were observed in bladder capacity and compliance. In group V capacity and compliance were found to be increased on day 5 after the injection and returned to baseline levels on day 30. The changes in bladder capacity were found to be statistically significant in groups II, III and V. Conclusion: In this study, after the injection of testosterone, bladder capacity and compliance increased with high blood testosterone levels in male rabbits. The most interesting finding was observed in the estrogen group, questioning the role of estrogens in males. These findings allow us to reconsider the role of sex hormones in bladder functions.

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“…The method of Diokno et al [5]is more balanced, but we believe that our method is rather more flexible in the sense that it allows the use of other alternative algorithms that can optimize the sensitivity and specificity of methods based on self-reports, but this approach would require a specific design with an adequate gold standard. Recently, Cundiff et al [13], in a study based on records of women with UI, reported low sensitivities, especially for stress incontinence, when diagnoses were based on pure symptoms (as registered in the patient history) and taking comprehensive urodynamic evaluation and physical examination as the gold standard. Although such inaccuracies are less important in surveys than in the clinical setting (where decisions are to be taken with regard to the need for additional tests or with a specific treatment), efforts should be made for improving the validity and reliability in measuring types of incontinence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%