Fibromixoma acral superficial: Revisão da Literatura

Abstract

Superficial acral fibromyxoma is a benign and rare tumor of the soft tissues. It usually manifests itself through a painless mass of slow growth that affects mainly males in the fifth decade of life. It usually affects the distal region, with a polypoid or dome-shaped appearance. The histological appearance is of a dermal mass without capsule, with spindle-shaped fibroblasts in a storiform or fasciculated pattern in the myxocollagenous stroma. The immunohistochemical evaluation of superficial acral fibromyxoma is usually positive for CD34 and CD99, with variable positivity for epithelial membrane antigen. The treatment consists of complete excision of the tumor mass.A review of the current literature on superficial acral fibromyxoma was performed, with an emphasis on the number of cases reported, location, diagnostic methods, histological characteristics, differential diagnoses and treatment.A total of 314 reported cases of superficial acral fibromyxoma with variable locations were found in the current literature, mainly in the toes (45.8%) and fingers (39.1%). It has a slightly superior incidence in men (61%) and enormous variability in the age range of occurrence.Superficial acral fibromyxoma is a single soft-tissue tumor that should enter the differential diagnosis of periungual and subungual acral lesions; the treatment consists of simple excision. More studies are needed to better understand this pathology, which was first described in 2001.

An unusual growth in the nail matrix: A case of superficial acral fibromyxoma

“… 1 As of 2019, there have been 314 cases described in the literature, and affect the fingers and toes in similar proportions. 2 We present a unique case of this relatively newly described tumour arising within the germinal nail matrix, a location that has not been commonly described.…”

Superficial acral fibromyxoma in unusual location: a case report

“…Mild nuclear atypia or pleomorphism of the stellate cells is present, but atypical mitotic figures are absent. Typically, the satellite cells are positive for CD34, CD99 and vimentin, and focally positive for epithelial membrane antigen; however, the results for epithelial membrane antigen are not consistent …”

“…Currently, approximately 300 cases have been reported in the literature. SAF usually occurs in acral sites, with a male‐to‐female patient ratio of 2:1 and a wide patient age range (from 14 to 72 years) …”

“…The differential diagnosis includes myxoid fibrous histiocytomas, low‐grade myxofibrosarcomas, digital fibrokeratomas, myxoid dermatofibrosarcomas protuberans and myxoid neurofibromas …”

“…Complete tumour excision with adequate margins is mandatory and follow‐up necessary due to its slow‐growing nature and recurrence rates of approximately 10–24% …”