Female genitalia of Pero obtusaria Prout, 1928 (Lepidoptera: Geometridae)

A new species and a new record of Pero Herrich-Schäffer, 1855 (Lepidoptera, Geometridae) in the Andes of southern Peru

“…Remarks. Although identification of species of the genus Pero is mainly based on morphology of the male genitalia (Poole 1987), it has been suggested that structures of the female genitalia also provide useful characters for identifications of the species of this genus, including those of Group 15 (Lévêque 2006(Lévêque , 2007Dias 2008;Vargas 2019). Females of P. lopezi were searched for, without success, in the type locality after we recognized the males as representatives of an undescribed species.…”

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“…In contrast, the occurrence of its only recorded host plant, the shrub Pluchea chingoyo (Kunth) DC. (Asteraceae) (Vargas 2011), is restricted between northwestern Peru and northern Chile (Moreira-Muñoz et al 2016, Vilcapoma & Beltrán 2018. The Ecuadorian records of this moth clearly exceed the geographic range of its host plant, a pattern that could result from the mapping of vagrant adults or incomplete knowledge of the host plant range (Döring & Hoffman 2004).…”

A new species of Macaria Curtis (Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Ennominae) from the Andes of northern Chile

“…The legs of the holotype were removed before mounting and kept in 95% ethanol at -20°C until DNA extraction. Genitalia dissection follows the procedures described in Vargas (2019). A Sony CyberShot DSC-HX200V digital camera attached to a Leica M125 stereomicroscope and a Micropublisher 3.3 RTV-QImaging digital camera attached to an Olympus BX51 were used to capture the images.…”