The role of the iron catalyst in the toxicity of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)

Visalli, Giuseppa; Facciolà, Alessio; Iannazzo, Daniela; Piperno, Anna; Pistone, Alessandro; Pietro, Angela Di

doi:10.1016/j.jtemb.2017.01.005

Cited by 30 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…As established by several studies, both mechanisms do not alter membrane integrity [37][38][39][40]. Unlike the endocytosis-mediated internalisation of CNT tangles, passive diffusion reduces cytotoxicity because it does not cause lysosomial content leakage by overloading endosomes [12]. However, regardless of the internalization process, nanotubes cause oxidative damage in cell compartments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Iron was detected by atomic absorption spectroscopy analysis and was equal to 2.5-2.8%. This was almost fully comprised of Fe2O3 and was not bioavailable [12].…”

Section: Pristine and Functionalized Mwcntsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The harmful effects of CNTs have been shown to be highly dependent on the type of cells used for in vitro studies [10] and on the heterogeneity of the produced CNTs. The length, diameter, structural defects, surface area, tendency to agglomerate dispersibility in water solution, presence and nature of metal catalyst residues [11,12] and surface chemistry [13,16] greatly influence the biological reactivity of CNTs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mitochondrial Impairment Induced by Sub-Chronic Exposure to Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Visalli

Facciolà

Currò

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Human exposure to carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can cause health issues due to their chemical-physical features and biological interactions. These nanostructures cause oxidative stress, also due to endogenous ROS production, which increases following mitochondrial impairment. The aim of this in vitro study was to assess the health effects, due to mitochondrial dysfunction, caused by a sub-chronic exposure to a non-acutely toxic dose of multi walled CNTs (raw and functionalised). The A549 cells were exposed to MWCNTs (2 µg mL -1 ) for 36 days.Periodically, cellular dehydrogenases, pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 (PDK1), cytochrome c release, permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening, transmembrane potential (Δψ m), apoptotic cells, and intracellular ROS were measured. The results, compared to untreated cells and to positive control formed by cells treated with MWCNTs (20 µg mL -1 ), highlighted the efficiency of homeostasis to counteract ROS overproduction, but a restitutio ad integrum of mitochondrial functionality was not observed. Despite the tendency to restore, the mitochondrial impairment persisted. Overall, the results underlined the tissue damage that can arise following sub-chronic exposure to MWCNTs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Iron was detected by atomic absorption spectroscopy analysis and was equal to 2.5-2.8%. This was almost fully comprised of Fe2O3 and was not bioavailable [12].…”

Section: Pristine and Functionalized Mwcntsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mitochondrial Impairment Induced by Sub-Chronic Exposure to Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Visalli

Facciolà

Currò

et al. 2019

Preprint

Self Cite

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“…The CVD method provides large scale production with reduced costs, high yield, less energy consumption and less waste production [73]. However, the metal catalysts such as iron, nickel, cobalt and molybdenum can be deposited on the outside surface of the nanotube, which might induce some cytotoxicity effects due to oxidative stress and anti-oxidant depletion [74][75][76][77]. Therefore, for biomedical applications, a purification step such as air oxidation, acid refluxing and surfactant based sonication is required [78].…”

Section: Impuritymentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon nanotubes and their polymeric composites: the applications in tissue engineering

Huang

2020

Biomanuf Rev

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Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), with unique graphitic structure, superior mechanical, electrical, optical and biological properties, has attracted more and more interests in biomedical applications, including gene/drug delivery, bioimaging, biosensor and tissue engineering. In this review, we focus on the role of CNTs and their polymeric composites in tissue engineering applications, with emphasis on their usages in the nerve, cardiac and bone tissue regenerations. The intrinsic natures of CNTs including their physical and chemical properties are first introduced, explaining the structure effects on CNTs electrical conductivity and various functionalization of CNTs to improve their hydrophobic characteristics. Biosafety issues of CNTs are also discussed in detail including the potential reasons to induce the toxicity and their potential strategies to minimise the toxicity effects. Several processing strategies including solution-based processing, polymerization, melt-based processing and grafting methods are presented to show the 2D/3D construct formations using the polymeric composite containing CNTs. For the sake of improving mechanical, electrical and biological properties and minimising the potential toxicity effects, recent advances using polymer/CNT composite the tissue engineering applications are displayed and they are mainly used in the neural tissue (to improve electrical conductivity and biological properties), cardiac tissue (to improve electrical, elastic properties and biological properties) and bone tissue (to improve mechanical properties and biological properties). Current limitations of CNTs in the tissue engineering are discussed and the corresponded future prospective are also provided. Overall, this review indicates that CNTs are promising “next-generation” materials for future biomedical applications.

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“…25,26 In contrast, a recent study noted that catalytic iron impurities in carbon nanotubes had a negligible role in the cytotoxicity induced by the particles. 27 Differences in cell response from exposure to iron-CNP observed in prior studies suggest that iron oxidation state, chemical form, and bonding to nanocarbon surfaces influences the biochemical pathway and response mechanism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Surface characterization and chemical speciation of adsorbed iron(iii) on oxidized carbon nanoparticles

Pattammattel

Leppert

Forman

et al. 2019

Environ. Sci.: Processes Impacts

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The role of the iron catalyst in the toxicity of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)

Cited by 30 publications

References 36 publications

Mitochondrial Impairment Induced by Sub-Chronic Exposure to Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Mitochondrial Impairment Induced by Sub-Chronic Exposure to Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Carbon nanotubes and their polymeric composites: the applications in tissue engineering

Surface characterization and chemical speciation of adsorbed iron(iii) on oxidized carbon nanoparticles

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