The importance of viral testing in infants and young children with bronchiolitis

Mejías, Asunción; Sánchez-Códez, María Isabel; Ramilo, Octavio; Sánchez, Pablo J.

doi:10.1016/j.jped.2022.02.002

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…We also compared serum IL-4 and IL-8 levels in two groups of children in this study; the results showed that serum IL-4 levels in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group, and serum IL-8 levels in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group. The current study's findings are consistent with previous studies, confirming the identical etiology of respiratory syncytial virus capillary bronchitis and asthma [ 22 , 23 ]. They also support that Th1 function is suppressed, and Th2 cells are relatively more active in children with respiratory syncytial virus capillary bronchitis.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Changes in T-Cell Subsets and Serum IFN-γ, IL-17, and IgE Levels in Children with Respiratory Syncytial Virus Capillary Bronchitis and Their Clinical Significance

Zhang

Luo

et al. 2022

Disease Markers

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Objective. To investigate the changes in T-cell subsets and serum IFN-γ, IL-17, and IgE levels in children with respiratory syncytial virus capillary bronchitis and their clinical significance. Methods. The clinical data of 50 children with respiratory syncytial virus capillary bronchitis admitted to our hospital between July 2020 and June 2021 were retrospectively reviewed, and they were included in the observation group, while 50 children with a healthy physical examination during the same period were chosen as the control group. The T-cell subsets (CD4, CD8, and CD4/CD8) and serum IL-4, IL-8, IFN-, IL-17, and IgE levels of children in the two groups were compared, and the clinical significance of the changes in the levels of the indices mentioned above was analyzed. Results. There was no statistically significant difference in T-cell subset levels (CD4 and CD8) between the two groups ( P > 0.05 ); the level of CD4/CD8, IL-4, IL-8, IL-17, and IgE in the observation group were substantially higher than those in the control group ( P < 0.05 ), while the serum IFN-γ levels in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( P < 0.05 ). Conclusion. Increased CD4/CD8 levels in children with respiratory syncytial virus capillary bronchitis cause an imbalance in the Th1/Th2 immune response, similar to changes in bronchial asthma, suggesting a link between the two diseases. Increased serum levels of IL-4, IL-8, IL-17, and IgE and decreased serum levels of IFN-γ have been seen in children with respiratory syncytial virus capillary bronchitis, suggesting the severity of the children’s disease may in part be reflected in the levels of the aforementioned serum indicators.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Changes in T-Cell Subsets and Serum IFN-γ, IL-17, and IgE Levels in Children with Respiratory Syncytial Virus Capillary Bronchitis and Their Clinical Significance

Zhang

Luo

et al. 2022

Disease Markers

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“…The availability of multiplex PCR tests in the 2020−2021 period allowed for a better microbiological characterization, with findings similar to other authors that have identified rhinovirus as the second most common isolate, 25 and also helped to identify false negatives in RSV rapid antigen tests. The percentage of codetections was lower than other studies, which include up to 30% codetections between RSV and rhinovirus, 3 and did not confer a higher severity in our sample, but their role remains to be established 3,26 . The seasonality of respiratory viruses in children in different age groups has been studied, 27 and an increasing availability of viral studies could aid both in prevention and clinical decision making 26 …”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 53%

“…3,26 The seasonality of respiratory viruses in children in different age groups has been studied, 27 and an increasing availability of viral studies could aid both in prevention and clinical decision making. 26 The last Spanish national clinical practice guidelines were published in 2010 28 the entire decade, 2,29 and allowing us to use 2010−2015 as a prepandemic comparison group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The percentage of codetections was lower than other studies, which include up to 30% codetections between RSV and rhinovirus, 3 and did not confer a higher severity in our sample, but their role remains to be established. 3,26 The seasonality of respiratory viruses in children in different age groups has been studied, 27 and an increasing availability of viral studies could aid both in prevention and clinical decision making. 26 The last Spanish national clinical practice guidelines were published in 2010 28 the entire decade, 2,29 and allowing us to use 2010−2015 as a prepandemic comparison group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bronchiolitis before and after the SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic: Twelve years of experience in a Spanish paediatric hospital

Guerrero-del-Cueto

Ramos-Fernández

Leiva-Gea

et al. 2023

Pediatric Pulmonology

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Introduction Acute bronchiolitis is the main cause of hospitalization in children under 2 years of age, with a regular seasonality, mostly due to the respiratory syncytial virus. Objectives To describe the epidemiology of bronchiolitis hospitalizations in our center in the last 12 years, and analyze the changes in clinical characteristics, microbiology, and adverse outcomes during the SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic. Methods Observational study including patients admitted for bronchiolitis between April 2010 and December 2021 in a Spanish tertiary paediatric hospital. Relevant demographic, clinical, microbiological, and adverse outcome variables were collected in an anonymized database. The pandemic period (April 2020 to December 2021) was compared to 2010−2015 seasons using appropriate statistical tests. Results There were 2138 bronchiolitis admissions, with a mean of 195.6 per year between 2010 and 2019 and a 2−4‐month peak between November and March. In the expected season of 2020, there was a 94.4% reduction of bronchiolitis hospitalizations, with only 11 cases admitted in the first year of the pandemic. Bronchiolitis cases increased from the summer of 2021 during a 6‐month long peak, reaching a total of 171 cases. Length of stay was significantly shorter during the pandemic, but no differences were found in clinical and microbiological characteristics or other adverse outcomes. Conclusions The SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic has modified the seasonality of bronchiolitis hospitalizations, with a dramatic decrease in cases during the expected season of 2020−2021, and an extemporaneous summer−autumn peak in 2021 with longer duration but similar patient characteristics and risk factors.

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“…Thus, more publications on this pathology's economic and social costs would be desirable. Another relevant aspect found in this cluster is the importance of the differential diagnosis 39 and the treatment. 6,40 In green, the second cluster focuses mainly on long-term consequences.…”

Section: Abstract and Cluster Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Worldwide research trends on bronchiolitis in pediatrics

Nievas‐Soriano,

Martín‐Latorre,

Martín‐González

et al. 2023

Pediatric Pulmonology

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Background The COVID‐19 pandemic has led to a significant increase in cases of bronchiolitis among children. As a result, there has been a corresponding increase in the number of publications on this topic. It is essential to examine the main areas of focus within the scientific literature to understand the current trends in research on pediatric bronchiolitis. This research aims to analyze the types of scientific advances related to pediatric bronchiolitis, the research trends being pursued, and the countries and research institutions leading these efforts. By understanding these aspects of bronchiolitis research, we can better understand the current state of knowledge and identify areas where further research is needed. Methods To conduct a bibliometric analysis of the scientific literature on pediatric bronchiolitis, all relevant publications were retrieved from the Scopus database. The Scopus API and the SW VosViewer software with optimized modularity functions were used. This analysis was intended to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of research on this topic, including the types of scientific advances being developed, the research trends being pursued, and the countries and research institutions leading these efforts. Results A total of 3810 publications were reviewed. We observed an increasing number of publications, particularly in recent years. Of these, 73.7% were articles, 95% were written in English, and 29.4% were from the United States. The main keywords used in these publications included: human, bronchiolitis, child, preschool, preschool child, major clinical study, controlled study, pneumonia, asthma, adolescent, hospitalization, infant, and newborn. These keywords were grouped into six clusters: outpatient management, long‐term consequences, etiology, intensive care management, diagnostic methods, and the main cluster, which focused on hospital treatment and clinical studies. Conclusions The bibliometric analysis of bronchiolitis research in pediatrics reveals that there has been a significant increase in the number of publications on this topic, particularly in recent years. Most of these publications are articles written in English and published in the United States. The main keywords used in these studies relate to various aspects of bronchiolitis, including diagnosis, treatment, and long‐term consequences. The results of this analysis suggest that bronchiolitis is a topic of significant interest and concern for researchers and practitioners in the field of pediatrics and that further research is needed to improve our understanding and management of this condition.

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The importance of viral testing in infants and young children with bronchiolitis

Cited by 4 publications

References 20 publications

Changes in T-Cell Subsets and Serum IFN-γ, IL-17, and IgE Levels in Children with Respiratory Syncytial Virus Capillary Bronchitis and Their Clinical Significance

Changes in T-Cell Subsets and Serum IFN-γ, IL-17, and IgE Levels in Children with Respiratory Syncytial Virus Capillary Bronchitis and Their Clinical Significance

Bronchiolitis before and after the SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic: Twelve years of experience in a Spanish paediatric hospital

Worldwide research trends on bronchiolitis in pediatrics

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