Protective effect of exclusive breastfeeding and effectiveness of maternal vaccination in reducing pertussis-like illness

Nascimento, Renata Medeiros do; Baptista, Paulo Neves; Lopes, Katiuscia Araújo de Miranda; Pimentel, Analíria Moraes; Cruz, Fábia da Silva Pereira; Ximenes, Ricardo Arraes de Alencar

doi:10.1016/j.jped.2020.10.018

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(56 reference statements)

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“…Our findings on poor development for children not exclusively breastfed corroborate those from a study conducted by Khan and Islam in 2017 [ 7 ] on Bangladeshi children that found that a lack of EBF up to 6 months had negative consequences on the health such as frequent diarrhea or fever and nutritional outcomes such stunting or underweight. Also, EBF has been found to have a protective effect against pertussis-like illnesses such as diphtheria or tetanus for children exclusively breastfed for at least 6 months [ 48 ]. The association between EBF and language development that was evidenced in our study extends the results of previous studies, which showed profound effects on the early acquisition, and development of receptive and expressive language at 6 months [ 16 , 49 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between exclusive breastfeeding duration and children’s developmental outcomes: Evidence from Siaya county, Kenya

et al. 2022

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Background Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) during the first 6 months of life is widely promoted as a key strategy to enhance child health, growth, and development. Even though a high proportion of children in Kenya are currently breastfed exclusively, there is little evidence regarding the developmental benefits during the first year of life. This paper aims to fill this gap by establishing an association between EBF and early childhood developmental outcomes among children below the age of 6 months in Kenya. Methods We used data collected as part of a cluster-randomized controlled trial conducted in Bondo sub-county in the western part of Kenya to assess the associations between EBF and development in the first year of life. The primary exposure variable was EBF, and the outcome variable was child development as measured by the Ages and Stages Questionnaire–Third Edition (ASQ-3). Results We analyzed data from 570 children aged below 6 months at the time of the interview. Breastfeeding children exclusively between 3 and 6 months was associated with 0.61 standard deviation (SD) higher ASQ-3 scores in the adjusted model. When specific domains were considered, in the adjusted models, EBF in the 3–6 months period was associated with 0.44 SD, 0.34 SD and 0.36 SD higher ASQ-3 scores in communication, gross motor, and problem solving domains, respectively. There were weak associations in the fine motor and social-emotional domains. Conclusion EBF in the 3- to 6-month age range has significant positive associations with child development, especially for communication, gross motor, and problem-solving. Programs encouraging mothers to continue EBF in this period may have substantial benefits for children.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between exclusive breastfeeding duration and children’s developmental outcomes: Evidence from Siaya county, Kenya

et al. 2022

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“…A few studies found that there was no significant association between EBF and tuberculosis ( n = 1), upper respiratory tract infection ( n = 1), and pertussis ( n = 1) [ 44 , 52 , 61 ]. Three studies examining upper respiratory tract infection and pertussis found EBF as a protective factor [ 28 , 32 , 47 ]. One publication of a study conducted in Australia reported that EBF lead to increased risk of human rhinovirus infection; however, the sample size ( n = 167) was small [ 29 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exclusive Breastfeeding and Childhood Morbidity: A Narrative Review

Hossain

Mihrshahi

2022

IJERPH

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Globally, diarrheal diseases and acute respiratory infections are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in children under 5 years old. The benefits of exclusive breastfeeding in reducing the risk of gastrointestinal and respiratory infections are well documented. Optimal breastfeeding may potentially save the lives of about 800,000 children in low-income settings. Despite the evidence, around 63% of infants from birth to 6 months are not exclusively breastfed worldwide. We searched the literature published between 2010 and 2022 in Medline, Embase, and Scopus on the association between exclusive breastfeeding and infectious diseases. We selected and reviewed 70 relevant studies. Our findings expand and confirm the positive association between exclusive breastfeeding and reduced risk of a number of gastrointestinal, respiratory, and other infections in 60 out of 70 studies observed in both low- and high-income settings. Several studies analyzing exclusive breastfeeding duration reported that a longer exclusive breastfeeding duration is protective against many infectious diseases. This review also reported a lack of standardized definition for measuring exclusive breastfeeding in many studies. Overall, the results highlight the benefits of exclusive breastfeeding in many studies and suggests reporting exclusive breastfeeding in future studies using a consistent definition to enable better monitoring of exclusive breastfeeding rates.

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“…In Table 1 , we summarized studies on breastfeeding and infections published since 1st January 2010 [ 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 ]. WHO recommended that all mothers should be supported to initiate breastfeeding as soon as possible after birth, within the first hour after delivery [ 59 ].…”

Section: Breastfeeding and Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exclusive Breastfeeding and Vitamin D Supplementation: A Positive Synergistic Effect on Prevention of Childhood Infections?

Domenici¹,

Vierucci²

2022

IJERPH

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Human milk is the best food for infants. Breastfeeding has been associated with a reduced risk of viral and bacterial infections. Breast milk contains the perfect amount of nutrients needed to promote infant growth, except for vitamin D. Vitamin D is crucial for calcium metabolism and bone health, and it also has extra-skeletal actions, involving innate and adaptive immunity. As exclusive breastfeeding is a risk factor for vitamin D deficiency, infants should be supplemented with vitamin D at least during the first year. The promotion of breastfeeding and vitamin D supplementation represents an important objective of public health.

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Protective effect of exclusive breastfeeding and effectiveness of maternal vaccination in reducing pertussis-like illness

Cited by 5 publications

References 22 publications

Associations between exclusive breastfeeding duration and children’s developmental outcomes: Evidence from Siaya county, Kenya

Associations between exclusive breastfeeding duration and children’s developmental outcomes: Evidence from Siaya county, Kenya

Exclusive Breastfeeding and Childhood Morbidity: A Narrative Review

Exclusive Breastfeeding and Vitamin D Supplementation: A Positive Synergistic Effect on Prevention of Childhood Infections?

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