Effects of Zika infection on growth

Prata‐Barbosa, Arnaldo; Martins, Marlos Melo; Guastavino, Andreia Bittencourt; Cunha, Antônio José Lêdo Alves da

doi:10.1016/j.jped.2018.10.016

Cited by 35 publications

(38 citation statements)

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“…Regarding the high proportion of low birth weight found in our study, it is highlighted that both intrauterine growth restriction and low birth weight have been reported in case series of children with congenital Zika syndrome [ 18 ]. This finding may be related to placental damage produced by prenatal ZIKV infection [ 30 – 32 ], which is another condition that can hamper the physical development of these children.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…The critical relationship between food and nutrition with children's growth and physical development is widely recognized [16,17], however, to date, there have been few studies characterizing the growth of children with CZS [18], which is why it is still necessary to increase the evidence on the real impact of this syndrome on indicators of physical development. This study aims to assess the anthropometric characteristics of children with CZS at birth and up to 12 months of life.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cross-sectional study of the anthropometric characteristics of children with congenital Zika syndrome up to 12 months of life

et al. 2020

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Background Little is known about physical development of children with Congenital Zika Syndrome (CZS). This study aims to evaluate the anthropometric characteristics of children with CZS up to 12 months. Methods This is a cross-sectional study developed with 46 children with CZS living in Bahia. We used the Public Health Events Register, Live Births Information System and Childcare Records of Primary Health Care Services. Descriptive analysis was performed by distributing absolute and relative frequencies and median and interquartile range. The Weight/Age (W/A), Length/Age (L/A), Weight/Length (W/L) and Head Circumference/Age (HC/A) indexes were calculated for each month and expressed in z-score values, and the results were evaluated individually and by group average. Values between ≥ − 2 and ≤ 2 standard deviations were used as reference. T-Student and Spearman’s Correlation Tests were applied to verify the existence of any relationship between maternal and children’s variables with the anthropometric indexes weight/age and height/age at birth and at 3, 6 and 12 months of age. Results The studied children had high proportions of low birth weight (23.9%), dysphagia (56.8%) and seizures (53.5%). The mean z-score for the HC/A index at birth was − 3.20 and remained below − 3 z-scores throughout the assessed period. The analysis of the indices equivalent to every single child’s anthropometric measurement showed a deficit in 20.4% of the W/A, 39.1% of the L/A, 9.2% of the W/L and 85.7% of the HC/A measurements. Distribution of the mean values of these anthropometric indices revealed a risk of delayed stature growth (L/A < -1 z-score). There was a statistically significant association between L/A at 12 months and dysphagia (p = 0.0148) and a positive correlation between breastfeeding time and W/A. No statistically significant correlation was found between any other tested variables. Conclusions We observed a deficit in the HC/A index, which is a common feature in CZS, but also a high proportion of W/A and L/A deficit. The average group z-score highlighted the risk of delay in stature growth for age, which calls attention to the need for health interventions, as this condition exposes them to a higher risk of morbidity and mortality.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-sectional study of the anthropometric characteristics of children with congenital Zika syndrome up to 12 months of life

et al. 2020

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“…In the US, 6% of babies exposed to ZIKV in utero had congenital disabilities, but when exposed children born without complications were followed up, the number of complications associated with ZIKV increased to 14% [ 67 , 68 ] revealing that the pathogenic mechanisms of long-term infection need to be explored. Neuroimaging tests have shown changes in the brain, such as ventricular enlargement and subcortical calcifications in normocephalic babies exposed to ZIKV [ 69 ]. Another study suggests that approximately 60% of exposed babies born without clinical evidence of ZIKV infection have seizures at some stage of development [ 70 ].…”

Section: Zikv: In 2015 the World Health Organization Reported Casmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lights and Shadows of TORCH Infection Proteomics

Macedo-da-Silva

Marinho

Palmisano

et al. 2020

Genes

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Congenital abnormalities cause serious fetal consequences. The term TORCH is used to designate the most common perinatal infections, where: (T) refers to toxoplasmosis, (O) means "others" and includes syphilis, varicella-zoster, parvovirus B19, zika virus (ZIKV), and malaria among others, (R) refers to rubella, (C) relates to cytomegalovirus infection, and (H) to herpes simplex virus infections. Among the main abnormalities identified in neonates exposed to congenital infections are central nervous system (CNS) damage, microcephaly, hearing loss, and ophthalmological impairment, all requiring regular follow-up to monitor its progression. Protein changes such as mutations, post-translational modifications, abundance, structure, and function may indicate a pathological condition before the onset of the first symptoms, allowing early diagnosis and understanding of a particular disease or infection. The term “proteomics” is defined as the science that studies the proteome, which consists of the total protein content of a cell, tissue or organism in a given space and time, including post-translational modifications (PTMs) and interactions between proteins. Currently, quantitative bottom-up proteomic strategies allow rapid and high throughput characterization of complex biological mixtures. Investigating proteome modulation during host–pathogen interaction helps in elucidating the mechanisms of infection and in predicting disease progression. This “molecular battle” between host and pathogen is a key to identify drug targets and diagnostic markers. Here, we conducted a survey on proteomic techniques applied to congenital diseases classified in the terminology “TORCH”, including toxoplasmosis, ZIKV, malaria, syphilis, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), herpes simplex virus (HSV) and human cytomegalovirus (HCVM). We have highlighted proteins and/or protein complexes actively involved in the infection. Most of the proteomic studies reported have been performed in cell line models, and the evaluation of tissues (brain, muscle, and placenta) and biofluids (plasma, serum and urine) in animal models is still underexplored. Moreover, there are a plethora of studies focusing on the pathogen or the host without considering the triad mother-fetus-pathogen as a dynamic and interconnected system.

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“…Post-natal onset microcephaly was also reported, and studies suggest that 60% of normocephalic babies exposed to ZIKV in uterus present seizures at some stage of development [11]. Several alterations were also described in brains of normocephalic ZIKV-exposed babies assessed by neuroimaging tools, including subcortical calcifications, increased frontal cerebrospinal fluid space and ventricle enlargement [12]. Infants exposed to ZIKV during the epidemic in the American continent are still under their third year of life, making it impossible to predict which of these symptoms may persist and if others may emerge.…”

Section: Zikv Infection Is Associated To Late Detrimental Effects mentioning

confidence: 99%

Late Neurological Consequences of Zika Virus Infection: Risk Factors and Pharmaceutical Approaches

et al. 2019

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Zika virus (ZIKV) infection was historically considered a disease with mild symptoms and no major consequences to human health. However, several long-term, late onset, and chronic neurological complications, both in congenitally-exposed babies and in adult patients, have been reported after ZIKV infection, especially after the 2015 epidemics in the American continent. The development or severity of these conditions cannot be fully predicted, but it is possible that genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors may contribute to determine ZIKV infection outcomes. This reinforces the importance that individuals exposed to ZIKV are submitted to long-term clinical surveillance and highlights the urgent need for the development of therapeutic approaches to reduce or eliminate the neurological burden of infection. Here, we review the epidemiology of ZIKV-associated neurological complications and the role of factors that may influence disease outcome. Moreover, we discuss experimental and clinical evidence of drugs that have shown promising results in vitro or in vitro against viral replication and and/or ZIKV-induced neurotoxicity.

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Effects of Zika infection on growth

Cited by 35 publications

References 36 publications

Cross-sectional study of the anthropometric characteristics of children with congenital Zika syndrome up to 12 months of life

Cross-sectional study of the anthropometric characteristics of children with congenital Zika syndrome up to 12 months of life

Lights and Shadows of TORCH Infection Proteomics

Late Neurological Consequences of Zika Virus Infection: Risk Factors and Pharmaceutical Approaches

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