Socioeconomic inequality in childhood obesity and its determinants: a Blinder–Oaxaca decomposition

Kelishadi, Roya; Qorbani, Mostafa; Heshmat, Ramin; Djalalinia, Shirin; Sheidaei, Ali; Safiri, Saeid; Hajizadeh, Nastaran; Motlagh, Mohammad Esmaeil; Ardalan, Gelayol; Asayesh, Hamid; Mansourian, Morteza

doi:10.1016/j.jped.2017.03.009

Cited by 22 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…This study shows that the prevalence of obesity is higher in groups with high SES. This finding is consistent with previous studies [ 10 , 3 , 21 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Socioeconomic inequality in different phenotypes of childhood obesity and its determinants in Iran: a Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition method

et al. 2022

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Background Childhood obesity has become a significant public health issue worldwide. Socioeconomic status is among its key determinants. This study examined the socioeconomic inequality in different phenotypes of childhood obesity at the national level in Iran. Methods This national, multistage school cross-sectional study was undertaken in 2015 on 14,400 students aged 7–18 years from urban and rural areas of 30 provinces of Iran. Using principal component analysis, socioeconomic status (SES) was categorized into tertiles. SES inequality in different phenotypes of obesity (i.e., generalized obesity", "abdominal obesity", and combined obesity) was estimated using the concentration index. The determinants of this inequality were assessed by the Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition method. Results Overall, 14,274 students completed the study (response rate: 99%). The mean age was 12.28 years, 50.6% were boys, and 71.42% lived in urban areas. The prevalence of generalized obesity and abdominal obesity was 20.8% and 11.3%, respectively. The concentration index for different phenotypes of obesity was positive, indicating that inequality is more common amongst the low SES groups. High SES, being male, living in a rural, and having a positive family history of obesity were associated with general obesity. Moderate physical activity and living in a rural area were associated with abdominal obesity. In addition, living in a rural area, having a high SES, being male, and having a positive family history of obesity were associated with combined obesity. Conclusion According to the present study findings, all childhood obesity phenotypes were more prevalent in Iranian children with high SES. Therefore, due to obesity and other diseases, it is essential to implement environmental changes in addition to designing macro-educational programs and prevention strategies.

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“…This study shows that the prevalence of obesity is higher in groups with high SES. This finding is consistent with previous studies [ 10 , 3 , 21 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Socioeconomic inequality in different phenotypes of childhood obesity and its determinants in Iran: a Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition method

et al. 2022

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“…In our study, being a girl, older age, and better socioeconomic status of households were the most important variables affecting the inequality observed among children in terms of overweight and obesity. In similar studies that looked at the factors in uencing inequality in overweight and obesity in children, some in the decomposition model said that age and gender were the essential components of the observed differences (27), while others family lived with location and mother literacy level has introduced as a more important factor (28).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and socioeconomic inequality in screen time, phone, and tablet use in children in Iran

Moradi¹,

Piroozi²,

Ghaderi³

et al. 2020

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Background: Nowadays, children spend a lot of time during the day in front of the television(TV) and using their phones. We aimed to evaluate screen time and phone use in Iranian children and their relation to the socioeconomic status of children's families.Methods: This descriptive analytical study was done on 10-12-year-old children from Kurdistan, Fars, and Markazi provinces. Cluster sampling was used for sampling. Date collection included completing demographic questionnaires, calculating BMI of children and phone & tablet use, screen time, and socioeconomic status. We used linear and logistics regression to estimate the final model and decomposition method of the Oaxaca. The concentration index and the concentration curve were used to measure and illustrate socioeconomic inequalities. All analysis was conducted with the Stata / SE 14.0 software.Results: 1590 children (52.58% boys) were enrolled in our study, 594 (74%) of boys and 420 (56%) of girls had daily Screen Time activities for more than two hours, and 388 (48.20%) of boys and 211 (28.20%) of girls use mobile phones and tablets for more than two hours a day. Screen Time activities were significantly higher in boys, older children, higher BMIs, more educated mothers, and 35<year-old fathers (P_VALUE <0.05). The use of mobile phones and tablets by boys, ten-year-olds, families of four or less, older BMIs, children with higher levels of parental education, and more educated mothers is significantly higher (P_VALUE <0.05). In addition, the Concentration Index for Screen Time activities (C = 0.083) and phone or tablet use (C = 0.536), shows that the Screen Time, phone or tablet use activities are higher in children with high socioeconomic status.Conclusion: The screen time activities and phone & tablet use are higher in children with high socioeconomic status. Also, many other factors like gender, age, BMI, parent's education, and age can affect screen time activities and phone & tablet use in children. It is recommended to measure the effectiveness of the changeable factors by modifying and controlling these factors in future studies.

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“…The BO decomposition method was originally developed to explain wage gaps between whites and blacks and between men and women since the seminal work of Oaxaca and Blinder in the early 1970s [33,34]. The BO decomposition [35]was a counterfactual method with an…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socioeconomic status inequity in inpatient service utilization based on need among migrants: Evidence from a national study in China

Wang

Jing

Ding

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Equity in access to healthcare is a major health policy challenge in many low- and middle- income countries. However, millions of people, especially migrants, do not have the adequate access to health care they need. This study aims to identify the socioeconomic status (SES) inequities in inpatient service utilization based on need among migrants by using a nationally representative study in China.Methods: The data used in this study was derived from the 2014 National Internal Migrant Population Dynamic Monitoring Survey collected by the National Health Commission of China. We used logistic regression method and Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition and calculated the concentration index to measure inequities of SES in inpatient service utilization based on need. Sample weights provided in the survey were applied in all the analysis to represent the China population.Results: The total number of the migrants who needed inpatient service told by doctors was 7592, of which, 1667 (21.96%) did not use the inpatient services (unmet inpatient service need). Results showed that inpatient service utilization concentrated among high-SES migrants (Concentration Index: 0.041, p <0.001) and the decomposition results suggested that about 53.76% of the total SES gap in inpatient service utilization could be attributed to the gradient effect. After adjusting for other confounding variables, the odds ratios of inpatient service utilization by internal migrants with high SES according to educational attainment, economic status, and employment status were 1.41 (95% CI 1.08-1.85, p =0.012), 1.25 (95% CI 1.01-1.56, p =0.046), and 1.62 (95% CI 1.12-2.36, p =0.011), respectively.Conclusion: This study observed an inequity in inpatient service utilization where the utilization concentrates among high SES migrants. This suggests that future policies should make the reimbursement more pro-poor among migrants in primary care and use more effective policies targeting the migrants with low educational attainment and unemployed, such as health education activities.

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Socioeconomic inequality in childhood obesity and its determinants: a Blinder–Oaxaca decomposition

Cited by 22 publications

References 24 publications

Socioeconomic inequality in different phenotypes of childhood obesity and its determinants in Iran: a Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition method

Socioeconomic inequality in different phenotypes of childhood obesity and its determinants in Iran: a Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition method

Prevalence and socioeconomic inequality in screen time, phone, and tablet use in children in Iran

Socioeconomic status inequity in inpatient service utilization based on need among migrants: Evidence from a national study in China

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