Association of hypertriglyceridemic-waist phenotype with liver enzymes and cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescents: the CASPIAN-III study

Kelishadi, Roya; Jamshidi, Farkhondeh; Qorbani, Mostafa; Motlagh, Mohammad Esmaeil; Heshmat, Ramin; Ardalan, Gelayol; Hovsepian, Silva

doi:10.1016/j.jped.2015.12.009

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In a large population-based U.S. study, the prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia was 5.9% in normal weight children, which showed stepwise increase to 13.8% and 24.1% in overweight and obese children, respectively 6. The prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia in children and adolescents is reported to be 5.9% to 8.6% in the general population, which is comparable to other components of dyslipidemia 24–27. However, the prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia increases up to 13.8%–31.8% in overweight or obese children and adolescents and seems to be higher than other components of dyslipidemia, suggesting that hypertriglyceridemia could be the most common lipid abnormality among overweight or obese youth (Table 1).…”

Section: Hypertriglyceridemia In Children and Adolescentsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Hypertriglyceridemia in Obese Children and Adolescents

Jung

Yoo

2018

JOMES

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The increasing prevalence of obesity in children and adolescents is a serious public health concern. Hypertriglyceridemia is common in obese children and adolescents, and elevated triglyceride (TG) level is a known biomarker of cardiometabolic risk. Results from genetic studies suggest that TG and TG-rich lipoproteins and, more specifically, remnant cholesterol are in the causal pathway of cardiovascular disease. However, simultaneous measurement of all remnants has not yet been established, and plasma TG level can be used as a useful marker of remnant cholesterol. Adipose tissue dysfunction, including impaired adipocyte TG storage and release of fatty acids, mediates the development of obesity-related complications. The prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia increases in overweight or obese children and is associated with other cardiometabolic risk factors. Recently, the TG/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio was recognized as a marker of structural vascular changes and insulin resistance in obese youth. Recent guidelines recommend universal lipid screening with nonfasting non-HDL-C measurement in children at 9–11 years of age; however, fasting lipid profiles should be measured in obese children and overweight adolescents and in those with high non-HDL-C in universal screening. The primary approach to lower TG in children includes dietary and lifestyle modifications; however, children with severe hypertriglyceridemia should also be referred to a pediatric lipid specialist.

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Section: Hypertriglyceridemia In Children and Adolescentsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Hypertriglyceridemia in Obese Children and Adolescents

Jung

Yoo

2018

JOMES

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“…In the study performed by Kelishadi et al 23 SBP greater than 90th percentile for the age, gender and height was observed in 8.8% of the boys and in 17.6% of the girls with HTW phenotype, while diastolic blood pressure was 4.4% and 9.6%, respectively. Bailey et al 22 observed higher means of DBP in children and adolescents with HTW phenotype.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Besides, the differences of lifestyle, genetic background and ethnicity interfere with the accumulation of abdominal fat and can explain the divergent results of the HTW phenotype prevalence. 21,23,24 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypertriglyceridemic Waist Phenotype and Changes in the Fasting Glycemia and Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents Over One-Year Follow-Up Period

Costa¹,

Assis²,

Cunha³

et al. 2017

Arquivos Brasileiros De Cardiologia

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BackgroundThe hypertriglyceridemic waist (HTW) phenotype is defined as the simultaneous presence of increased waist circumference (WC) and serum triglycerides (TG) levels and it has been associated with cardiometabolic risk in children and adolescents.ObjectiveThe objective was to evaluate the influence of HTW phenotype in the fasting glycemia and blood pressure in children and adolescents over one-year follow-up period.MethodsIt is a cohort study involving 492 children and adolescents from 7 to 15 years old, both genders, who were submitted to anthropometric, biochemical and clinical evaluation at the baseline, and also after 6 and 12 months of follow-up. Generalized Estimating Equation (GEE) models were calculated to evaluate the longitudinal influence of the HTW phenotype in the glycemia and blood pressure over one-year.ResultsIt was observed a prevalence of 10.6% (n = 52) of HTW phenotype in the students. The GEE models identified that students with HTW phenotype had an increase of 3.87 mg/dl in the fasting glycemia mean (CI: 1.68-6.05) and of 3.67mmHg in the systolic blood pressure (SBP) mean (CI: 1.55-6.08) over one-year follow-up, after adjusting for confounding variables.ConclusionsThe results of this study suggest that HTW phenotype is a risk factor for longitudinal changes in glycemia and SBP in children and adolescents over one-year follow-up period.

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“…Another study on adolescents thought that after controlling for age and gender, adolescents with the high TG and high WHtR were more likely to have high TC (OR = 7.8; 95%CI:3.5–17.3), high LDL-C (OR = 9.4; 95%CI:2.8–31.2) and low HDL-C (OR = 10.8; 95% CI = 6.9–17.0) than those adolescents with normal TG and normal WHtR 22 . Other studies also showed that HTW was associated with high TC and low HDL-C in children and adolescents aged 10–18 years 23 – 25 . Adult studies have found that individuals with the HTW phenotype have a greater chance of having low HDL-C and LDL-C compared to individuals with the NTNW phenotype 11 , 26 , 27 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Hypertriglyceridemic-waist phenotype is strongly associated with cardiovascular risk factor clustering in Chinese adolescents

Cai

Zhou

Bai

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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The early identification of predictors related to cardiovascular risk factor clustering (CVRFC) in adolescents can help prevent Cardiovascular disease. The hypertriglyceridemic-waist circumference (HTW) phenotype is considered a simple and useful indicator to identify cardiovascular disease. However, there is limited research on the relationship between the HTW phenotype and (CVRFC) in adolescents. It is unclear whether the HTW phenotype can identify early the risk of developing CVRFC in adolescents. The study aimed to examine the association of the HTW phenotype with CVRFC in adolescents. A total of 1478 adolescents aged 12–18 years were classified into normal waist circumference (WC) and normal triglyceride (TG) (NWNT, 66.4%), normal WC and high TG (HTG, 5.5%), enlarged WC and normal TG (EW, 22.2%) and enlarged WC and high TG (HTW, 5.8%). High TG was defined as TG ≥ 1.47 mmol/L and enlarged WC ≥ 90th percentile by gender and age. CVRFs in this study included elevated blood pressure (BP), impaired fasting glucose (IFG), high total cholesterol (TC), low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). CVRFC ≥ 2 or CVRFC ≥ 3 were defined as the presence of at least two or three cardiovascular risk factors. After adjustment for BMI, gender and age, the HTW phenotype increased the risk of CVRFC ≥ 2 and CVRFC ≥ 3 compared to the NTNW phenotype, OR and 95%CI were 2.40 (1.23–4.58) and 3.63 (1.49–8.86), respectively. After stratification by gender, similar results were found in boys, however, girls with the EW phenotype had a lower risk of CVRFC ≥ 2 and CVRFC ≥ 3 compared with the NTNW phenotype after adjustment for BMI and age. The area under the ROC curve was 0.698 (0.661–0.736) and 0.782 (0.725–0.840) when TG was combined with WC to detect cardiovascular risk factors clustering, which was better than BMI, WHtR, TG or WC alone. And similar results were obtained for both boys and girls when stratified by gender. These results revealed that different combinations of TG and WC levels are closely associated with cardiovascular risk factors clustering in both boys and girls, and TG combining WC performed better than BMI, WHtR, TG or WC alone in detecting cardiovascular risk factor clustering in adolescents.

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Association of hypertriglyceridemic-waist phenotype with liver enzymes and cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescents: the CASPIAN-III study

Cited by 15 publications

References 25 publications

Hypertriglyceridemia in Obese Children and Adolescents

Hypertriglyceridemia in Obese Children and Adolescents

Hypertriglyceridemic Waist Phenotype and Changes in the Fasting Glycemia and Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents Over One-Year Follow-Up Period

Hypertriglyceridemic-waist phenotype is strongly associated with cardiovascular risk factor clustering in Chinese adolescents

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