Fat mass index performs best in monitoring management of obesity in prepubertal children

Pereira‐da‐Silva, Luís; Dias, M. Pitta-Grós; Dionísio, Elisabete; Virella, Daniel; Alves, Marta; Diamantino, Catarina; Alonso, Anabela; Cordeiro-Ferreira, Gonçalo

doi:10.1016/j.jped.2015.11.003

Cited by 22 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Using the FMI Class-II definition, the prevalence of fat in both genders (boys: 19.7%; girls: 13.1%) was much higher than that defined by the BMI (boys: 13.2%; girls: 7.1%). This result corresponds with a previous study showing that FMI better discriminates adiposity than BMI [ 11 ]. We used Korean reference values due to a lack of available FMI data among Taiwanese children and adolescents, but the FMI of both girls and boys in our study was much lower than those of the Korean subjects in each subgroup classified by age.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Since BMI reflects both the fat mass (FM) and the fat-free mass (FFM) in the body, it might be poorly correlated with %FM in children and adolescents [ 10 ]. Studies have also shown that FM index (FMI), defined as FM (kg) divided by height squared (m 2 ), better discriminates adiposity compared to BMI [ 11 ] and %FM [ 12 ]. Studies are showing now that a higher FMI, like a higher BMI and increased %FM, is associated with CV diseases [ 13 ] and metabolic syndrome [ 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fat Mass Index and Body Mass Index Affect Peak Metabolic Equivalent Negatively during Exercise Test among Children and Adolescents in Taiwan

Tuan

Chen

et al. 2018

IJERPH

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Peak metabolic equivalent (MET) is the most reliable indicator of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). The aim of this study was to examine the association between CRF indicated by peak MET and body mass index (BMI) or fat mass index (FMI) in Taiwanese children and adolescents (C-A). Data of 638 C-A aged 10–18 that received symptom-limited treadmill exercise testing was analyzed. Anthropometry-body composition was measured by vector bioelectrical impedance analysis. BMI was defined as body weight (kg)/body height (m)2 and FMI was defined as fat mass (kg)/body height (m)2. BMI was grouped by Taiwanese obesity cut-off points. FMI Class-I was categorized by percentage of body fat. FMI Class-II used the reference values from Korean C-A. Excess adiposity was defined as (1) “overweight” and “obesity” by BMI, (2) greater than the sex- and age-specific 75th percentile of whole subjects by FMI Class-I, and (3) greater than 95th percentiles of reference value by FMI Class-II. Boys had significantly higher fat mass and FMI, and had more excess adiposity than girls (all p < 0.05). Both boys and girls with excess adiposity (by any definition) had lower MET at anaerobic threshold (AT MET) and peak MET (all p < 0.001). BMI and FMI were significantly negatively associated with both AT MET and peak MET significantly (all p < 0.001). FMI (95% CI: −0.411~−0.548) correlated with peak MET more than BMI (95% CI: −0.134~ −0.372) did. Excess adiposity affected CRF negatively. It is concluded that weight management should start early in childhood.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fat Mass Index and Body Mass Index Affect Peak Metabolic Equivalent Negatively during Exercise Test among Children and Adolescents in Taiwan

Tuan

Chen

et al. 2018

IJERPH

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“…Another limitation of this study was not adjusting fat mass to an unrelated measure of body fat such as height that could improve interpretation when assessing adiposity [42]. In children, the fat mass index was demonstrated to better discriminate adiposity than the BFP [43,44]. Another limitation of the study was the fact that the accuracy of muscle mass (%) measurement by the device used in this study was unknown, and the socioeconomic status of the parents of the preschoolers was not included in the analyzes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Obesity and Body Composition in Preschool Children with Different Levels of Actigraphy-Derived Physical Activity—A Cross-Sectional Study

Wyszyńska

Matłosz

Szybisty

et al. 2020

JCM

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Detailed associations between physical activity (PA) and body composition in preschoolers remain unclear. The aim of this study was to assess body composition among preschool children differentiated according to their levels of PA and to assess whether meeting the current PA recommendations is associated with a lower risk of obesity, determined by body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage (BFP). Free-living PA was measured using accelerometers for 7 days in children aged 5 to 6 years. Bioelectrical impedance analysis was used to estimate body composition. Significant differences in content of BFP, fat-free mass (FFM), and total body water (TBW) were found between boys meeting and not meeting moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) recommendations. Meeting the MVPA recommendation was associated with a twofold lower risk of obesity determined by BFP in boys but not in girls. In contrast, the total number of recommended steps per day was not related to adiposity in boys or girls. No statistically significant differences were observed in body composition indices and quintiles of MVPA. Boys in the 3rd-5th quintiles of steps per day presented significantly lower BFP and higher muscle mass and TBW than their peers in quintile 1. However, different associations were observed between body composition indices and quintiles of PA.

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“…The use of FMI (when compared to FM% alone) has been proposed as a more accurate indicator of adiposity and more sensitive to changes in body fat stores [35, 47], even in infants [48], due to the consideration and normalization to height/length [27, 49]. Infants at potential risk (but with “normal” BMI) could be detected using FMI [48] because it better identifies excess adiposity than FM%, which underestimates it [35].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthropometric and clinical correlates of fat mass in healthy term infants at 6 months of age

et al. 2019

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Background Body composition in infancy plays a central role in the programming of metabolic diseases. Fat mass (FM) is determined by personal and environmental factors. Anthropometric measurements allow for estimations of FM in many age groups; however, correlations of these measurements with FM in early stages of life are scarcely reported. The aim of this study was to evaluate anthropometric and clinical correlates of FM in healthy term infants at 6 months of age. Methods Healthy term newborns ( n = 102) from a prospective cohort. Weight, length, skinfolds (biceps, triceps, subscapular and the sum -SFS-) and waist circumference (WC) were measured at 6 months. Body mass index (BMI) and WC/length ratio were computed. Type of feeding during the first 6 months of age was recorded. Air displacement plethysmography was used to asses FM (percentage -%-) and FM index (FMI) was calculated. Correlations and general linear models were performed to evaluate associations. Results Significant correlations were observed between all anthropometric measurements and FM (% and index)( p < 0.001). Exclusive/predominant breastfed infants had higher FM and anthropometric measurements at 6 months. Models that showed the strongest associations with FM (% and index) were SFS + WC + sex + type of feeding. Conclusions Anthropometry showed good correlations with FM at 6 months of age. Skinfolds sum and waist circumference were the strongest anthropometric variables associated to FM. Exclusive/predominant breastfeeding was strongly associated with FM.

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Fat mass index performs best in monitoring management of obesity in prepubertal children

Abstract: FMI achieved the best combination of ability and swiftness to identify reduction of adiposity during monitoring of weight management in prepubertal obese children.

Cited by 22 publications

References 23 publications

Fat Mass Index and Body Mass Index Affect Peak Metabolic Equivalent Negatively during Exercise Test among Children and Adolescents in Taiwan

Fat Mass Index and Body Mass Index Affect Peak Metabolic Equivalent Negatively during Exercise Test among Children and Adolescents in Taiwan

Obesity and Body Composition in Preschool Children with Different Levels of Actigraphy-Derived Physical Activity—A Cross-Sectional Study

Anthropometric and clinical correlates of fat mass in healthy term infants at 6 months of age

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