Prevalence of asthenopia in children: a systematic review with meta-analysis

Vilela, Manuel Augusto Pereira; Pellanda, Lúcia C.; Fassa, Anaclaudia Gastal; Castagno, Victor Delpizzo

doi:10.1016/j.jped.2014.10.008

Cited by 56 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Accommodative insufficiency has been reported as one of the most common causes of asthenopia in schoolchildren . The inability to maintain attention during near work as a result of asthenopia or refraining from such activities to avoid asthenopia can be a serious obstacle to children's learning processes . The relationships between AI with learning difficulties and lower academic performance in schoolchildren have been reported and therefore, the diagnosis and treatment of AI in this age group is of great importance …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Amplitude of accommodation in an 11‐ to 17‐year‐old Iranian population

Hashemi

Nabovati

Yekta

et al. 2017

Clinical and Experimental Optometry

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Amplitude of accommodation in an 11‐ to 17‐year‐old Iranian population

Hashemi

Nabovati

Yekta

et al. 2017

Clinical and Experimental Optometry

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“…A substantial proportion of the children had low to moderate hyperopia or accommodative or binocular deficits. These deficits may interfere with the ability to do sustained near work [17,18,34,35] but can be difficult to detect because of normal distance vision and absence of explicit symptoms. As children spend a considerable amount of time on near activities at school and in their spare time [10,13], eye and vision examinations should be available through the school health care services to prevent unnecessary academic achievement gaps.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most children had good accommodation and binocular vision, but a proportion were given glasses or vision training. Accommodation and binocular vision problems may cause symptoms like headache, eyestrain, blurred vision, intermittent diplopia, poor concentration and comprehension when performing near tasks [18,35,[49][50][51]. However, children do not necessarily complain of symptoms if not asked specifically.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vision status of children aged 7 - 15 years referred from school vision screening in Norway during 2003 - 2013: a retrospective study

Falkenberg¹,

Langaas

Svarverud

2019

Preprint

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Background: Undetected vision problems is an important cause of reduced academic achievement, performance in everyday life and self-esteem. This receives little attention in national health care services in Norway even though most of these vision problems are easily correctable. There are no published data on how many Norwegian schoolchildren are affected by correctable vision problems. This study aims to determine the vision status in primary and secondary schoolchildren referred from vision screening during the 10 year period of 2003-2013. Methods: Of the 1126 children (15%) aged 7-15 years referred to the university eye clinic by the school screening program, all 782 who attended the eye clinic were included in the study. Patient records were retrospectively reviewed with regard to symptoms, refractive error, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of logMAR, binocular vision, ocular health and management outcomes. Results: Previously undetected vision problems were confirmed in 650 (83%) of the children. The most frequent outcomes were glasses (346) or follow-up (209), but types of treatment modalities varied with age. Mean refractive errors were hyperopic for all age groups but reduced with age (ANOVA, p < 0.001). Overall, 51% were hyperopic, 32% emmetropic and 17% myopic. Refractive errors did not change across the decade (linear regression, all p > 0.05). Mean logMAR BCVAs were better than 0.0 and improved with age (ANOVA, p < 0.001). The most prevalent symptoms were headaches (171), near vision problems (149) and reduced distance vision (107). Conclusions: The vision screening identified children with previously undetected visual problems. This study shows that the types of visual problems varied with age and that most problems could be solved with glasses. Our results stress the importance of regular eye examinations and that vision examinations should be included in primary health care services. Furthermore, there is a need for raised awareness among parents and teaching staff regarding vision problems in children.

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“…This is markedly less than the asthenopia prevalence in population based survey in school children; these studies have shown prevalence of 12.4-57%. (14,17,19,20) This difference is can due to admission bias. Furthermore, the health seeking behavior in may be lacking.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13) The studies evaluating the problem in have showed the prevalence of 19.7% (12.4---26.4%) with majority of children having no visual acuity or refraction problem. (14) Two studies from India have evaluated the problem in children working in factories and found significant in increase in eye strain in these children. (15,16) Very few reports of the disease are available among school going children.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Eye Disorders in Children Presenting in Outpatient Department With Asthenopia

Gupta

Bhatti

2019

IJMBS

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Introduction: Asthenopia is a common complaint in school going children. The magnitude of the problem in our region is not known. Methodology: Children (5-18 years) presenting in pediatric and ophthalmology outpatient department with symptoms (defined a proiri) were included in study. Exclusion criteria included BCVA of less than 6/9 in either eye, strabismus, ocular or systemic diseases affecting binocular vision, and using any medication that can impact accommodation or convergence. Previous day 24 hour recall method was used to assess the time spent on various activities. Subsequently, detailed refractive assessment was done. Results: A total of 24200 children with age group 5-18 years visited outpatient department. Out of them 520 (2.1%) children had symptoms of asthenopia. The proportion of males (66.6%) was higher than female (33.4%). The proportion of children with asthenopia increased from 21% in 5-9 year group to 45% in 13-18 year group. Tearing and eye pain were the commonest presenting complaints The presence of four or more symptoms was not observed in 5-9 age group. Asthenopic children spend a mean of 4.2 hours/day on screen. Conclusion: Asthenopia is common eye complaint in school children. It can interfare in near work, so warrants prompt treatment.

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Prevalence of asthenopia in children: a systematic review with meta-analysis

Abstract: Although asthenopia is a frequent and relevant clinical problem in childhood, with potential consequences for learning, the scarcity of studies about the prevalence and clinical impact of asthenopia hinders the effective planning of public health measures.

Cited by 56 publications

References 16 publications

Amplitude of accommodation in an 11‐ to 17‐year‐old Iranian population

Amplitude of accommodation in an 11‐ to 17‐year‐old Iranian population

Vision status of children aged 7 - 15 years referred from school vision screening in Norway during 2003 - 2013: a retrospective study

Prevalence of Eye Disorders in Children Presenting in Outpatient Department With Asthenopia

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