Factors Associated with Physical Aggression in Pregnant Women and Adverse Outcomes for the Newborn

Viellas, Elaine Fernandes; Gama, Silvana Granado Nogueira da; Carvalho, Márcia Lazaro de; Pinto, Liana Wernersbach

doi:10.1016/j.jped.2013.02.013

Cited by 31 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…We also found that women who are less empowered, as measured by their experience of physical abuse, are far more likely to be in this at-risk population. Our results are consistent with other literature suggesting that partner abuse is associated with lower likelihoods of receiving any antenatal care and sufficient antenatal care [15-17,24,25]. They are also consistent with analyses conducted among women in Bangladesh and Egypt demonstrating that physical abuse is significantly associated with antenatal care even after accounting for other indicators of empowerment [15,25].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Empowerment and use of antenatal care among women in Ghana: a cross-sectional study

Sipsma

Ofori-Atta

Canavan³

et al. 2014

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth

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BackgroundEmpowerment among women in the context of a romantic relationship may affect the use of reproductive healthcare services; however, current literature examining this association is limited and inconsistent. We therefore aimed to examine the relationship between several measures of empowerment and use of inadequate antenatal care among women in Ghana.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study using data from a nationally representative cohort of women in Ghana. Our analytic sample was limited to non-pregnant women who had been pregnant and involved in a relationship within the last 12 months. We used multivariable logistic regression to assess the associations between empowerment and inadequate use of antenatal care and interaction terms to assess moderation by education.ResultsApproximately 26% of women received inadequate antenatal care. Multivariable analysis indicated that having experienced physical abuse in the past year was directly associated with inadequate use of antenatal care (OR = 5.12; 95% CI = 1.35, 19.43) after adjusting for socio-demographic characteristics. This effect was particularly pronounced among women with no formal education and was non-significant among women with at least some formal education (P-value for interaction <0.001).ConclusionsResults suggest that improving use of reproductive health care services will require reducing partner abuse and enhancing empowerment among women in Ghana and other low-income countries, particularly among those with no formal education. Furthermore, the involvement of male partners will be critical for improving reproductive health outcomes, and increasing education among girls in these settings is likely a strong approach for improving reproductive health and buffering effects of low empowerment among women.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Empowerment and use of antenatal care among women in Ghana: a cross-sectional study

Sipsma

Ofori-Atta

Canavan³

et al. 2014

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth

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“…This finding is consistent with those from Kenya, Zambia and Bolivia on IPPV which reported alcohol consumers abused their wives more frequently [25]. Other studies from Brazil [29] and Turkey [30] also revealed alcohol consumers were more likely to violate their wives. Some victims of PV described that their intimate partners beat them when they consumed excessive alcohol.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Factors associated with intimate partner physical violence among women attending antenatal care in Shire Endaselassie town, Tigray, northern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study, July 2015

et al. 2017

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Background: Intimate partner physical violence is a common global phenomenon. About 30.00% and 38.83% of women in the world and in sub-Saharan Africa experienced physical violence by their partner respectively in 2013. Though intimate partner violence has serious adverse health consequences, there is limited information about partner violence during pregnancy in Ethiopia. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the prevalnce of physical intimate partner violence during pregnancy and associated factors among women attending antenatal care in Shire Endaselassie town, Tigray, northen Ethiopia Methods: A facility based cross-sectional study was conducted from May 3 to July 6, 2015. Four hundred and twenty-two pregnant women attending three public health facilities were included using systematic sampling technique. In addition, twenty-two purposely selected key informants were interviewed. The data collectors and supervisors were trained on all data collection processes. Data were entered to Epi-Info version 7.1.2.00 and exported to SPSS version 20.00. Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with intimate partner physical violence. Statistical significance was declared at p < 0.05. Qualitative data were categorized into themes and triangulated with the quantitative results. Results: The prevalence of intimate partner physical violence in pregnancy was 20.6% (CI = 16.70, 24.90). Age at first marriage greater than or equal to 17 years (AOR = 4.42, CI = 2.07, 9.42), women with no formal education (AOR = 2.78 CI = 1.10, 7.08), rural dwellers (AOR = 2.63 CI = 1.24, 5.58), intimate partners with no formal education (AOR = 2.78 CI = 1.10, 7.08) and intimate partner alcohol consumption (AOR = 3.8 CI = 1.85, 7.82) were factors associated with intimate partner physical violence towards pregnant women. Conclusion: Nearly one fifth of women surveyed experienced intimate partner physical violence during pregnancy. Early marriage, rural dwelling, intimate partner alcohol consumption, and educational status were associated with intimate partner physical violence during pregnancy. Urgent attention to women's rights and health is essential at all levels to alleviate the problem and its risk factors in Tigray regional state of Ethiopia.

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“…Seventeen studies with high methodological quality examined low birthweight, and four of them associated this with undifferentiated IPV, seven with physical IPV, and one with sexual IPV . The risk of low birthweight was between 1.96 and 5.5 times higher among women exposed to physical IPV 2.1 times higher when exposed to undifferentiated IPV, and 2.80 times higher when exposed to sexual IPV.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seven studies with high methodological quality reported outcomes of perinatal death . Two studies associated this with undifferentiated IPV, with risks between 1.86 and 5.2 times higher, and four studies associated it with physical IPV, with risks between 1.4 and 6.04 times higher.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intimate partner violence and perinatal health: a systematic review

Pastor‐Moreno

Ruíz-Pérez

Henares-Montiel

et al. 2020

BJOG

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Background Physical, psychological and sexual intimate partner violence (IPV) has been described in the literature as different types of IPV experienced by women during pregnancy all over the world. Objectives To review and summarise systematically the empirical evidence on the links between IPV during pregnancy and the perinatal health of mothers and fetuses/neonates. Search strategy MEDLINE (Ovid), CINAHL, Embase, Nursing@ovid (Ovid) and LILACS were searched (2008–2018). Selection criteria Observational studies that examined perinatal health outcomes (i.e. pre‐term birth, low birthweight, miscarriage, perinatal death and premature rupture of membranes) in pregnant women exposed to IPV. Data collection and analysis Information on study characteristics, type of IPV measured, study design, methodological quality and outcome variable extracted. Results Fifty studies were included. Twenty‐nine analysed undifferentiated IPV (n = 25 489), 34 included physical IPV (n = 7333), 22 analysed psychological IPV (n = 7833) and 18 examined sexual IPV (n = 2388). Fifteen studies were from Asia, 12 from North America and Oceania, and 12 from Central and South America. The studies examined the association between IPV and 39 different perinatal health outcomes. The most frequent outcomes reported were pre‐term birth (50%), low birthweight (46%), miscarriage (30%), perinatal death (20%) and premature rupture of membranes (20%). A significant association with perinatal health outcomes was reported by 12 of the studies analysing undifferentiated IPV, 18 physical IPV, six psychological IPV and two sexual IPV. Conclusions The relation between IPV and perinatal health outcomes can be seen in different epidemiological designs and countries. In all, 39 different outcomes were identified and 29 were associated with IPV. Tweetable abstract A variety of poor perinatal health outcomes are associated with psychological, physical and sexual IPV.

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Factors Associated with Physical Aggression in Pregnant Women and Adverse Outcomes for the Newborn

Cited by 31 publications

References 19 publications

Empowerment and use of antenatal care among women in Ghana: a cross-sectional study

Empowerment and use of antenatal care among women in Ghana: a cross-sectional study

Factors associated with intimate partner physical violence among women attending antenatal care in Shire Endaselassie town, Tigray, northern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study, July 2015

Intimate partner violence and perinatal health: a systematic review

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