Temporal trends of overall mortality and hospital morbidity due to diarrheal disease in Brazilian children younger than 5 years from 2000 to 2010

Abstract

Currently, the indicators of overall mortality and hospital morbidity due to diarrhea in Brazilian children are generally lower, but decreasing slowly.

Análise espacial de indicadores integrados de saúde e ambiente para morbimortalidade por diarreia infantil no Brasil, 2010

“…Publicações mostram o comportamento distinto das doenças diarreicas segundo espaços geográficos e grupos socioeconômicos 11,27,28,29,30 . A mais recente, com delineamento de série temporal, mostrou que as regiões Norte e Nordeste do país apresentaram os maiores coeficientes de internação e mortalidade por diarreia em menores de um ano no período de 2000 a 2010, por mais que houvesse tendência de decréscimo desses indicadores 30 . Outros autores mostraram que municípios com menores taxas de internação por diarreia em menores de cinco anos predominam no Estado de São Paulo, seguido por Santa Catarina.…”

“…As pesquisas citadas 11,27,28,29,30 utilizaram abordagens geográficas diferentes (regiões, capitais e municípios), ainda assim, evidenciaram que as regiões Norte e Nordeste do Brasil apresentaram os piores indicadores em termos de morbimortalidade por diarreia em crianças menores de cinco anos, em comparação com as regiões Sul e Sudeste. Em nossos achados, também as microrregiões das regiões Norte e Nordeste refletiram predominância de valores mais elevados para os indicadores de internação e mortalidade por diarreia infantil.…”

Influence of socio-economic conditions and maternal knowledge in self-effectiveness for prevention of childhood diarrhea

“…The highest coefficients of mortality and a higher percentage of children under one year of age related to childhood diarrhea were recorded in the North and Northeast regions. 4 Although the infant mortality rate has declined by more than half in the last 25 years in the world, about 16,000 children die every day from preventable causes such as diarrhea. Diarrhea and other diseases, including pneumonia, malaria, prematurity, complications in childbirth, are among the major causes and reasons of death in children under five years of age worldwide.…”

Children's Environment in Brazil: From Domestic (Indoor) to Regional Threats

“…Researchers identified that precarious households [63,65], the lack of a sewage system [65,69], rudimentary lavatories, lack of a garbage collection [48,50,53,58,62] and the use of no potable water [60] are variables that influence the morbimortality rate of children under 5 years of age due to water-transmitted illnesses, like diarrhea [57]. In this sence, cities with a low Human Development Index (HDI) have the highest mortality coefficients due to diarrheal disease [49] with 20% of the children in those regions having a deficit of > 2 standard-deviations for the height/ age index [55], leading these children to chronic malnutrition [62]. [62] to identify the environmental factors related in children living in areas occupied by homeless or landless people crosssectional 11.23% chronic malnutrition 1 -5 y SE intermittent water supply, poor quality child hygiene before feeding, and dumping children's diapers with feces in the area around the house.…”

“…However, the Northern and Northeastern Regions, areas with the lower HDI in the country, still show the highest coefficients of mortality and the highest percentage of admittance of children under one year of age [49]. Even though Brazil has almost 13% of all superficial hydric resources of the planet, it is a country where a vast number of people do not have bathroom inside the household, corresponding to 7.2 million people [163].…”