Hemorrhoids and related complications in primigravid pregnancy

Abstract

Purpose To identify the effect of pregnancy on the development of external hemorrhoids and constipation. Subjects and methods This pilot study involved 61 primigravid women without a history of perianal diseases. Each patient was examined and filled a questionnaire between the 11th and 14th gestational week prior to prenatal screening tests. Patients were re-examined and questioned in relation to perianal symptoms and hemorrhoidal changes again in the 24th and 37th gestational weeks. Results A total of 5, 8, and 11 women had symptomatic external hemorrhoids with or without perianal complications in the 11–14th, 24th, and 37th gestational weeks, respectively. Meanwhile, 27, 25, and 29 women complained about constipation in the 11–14th, 24th, and 37th gestational weeks, respectively. Only 4 (6.6%) patients experienced painful hemorrhoids. The overall morbidity rate was 18% (11 cases). We found a statistically significant relationship between external hemorrhoids/perianal complications and gestation-induced constipation through logistic regression analysis ( p < 0.001). Conclusion Various risk factors and biological explanations exist for the high frequency of hemorrhoids during pregnancy. Because participants were primigravid women without a history of perianal complaints, findings suggest a direct effect of pregnancy itself on the development of external hemorrhoids/perianal symptoms.

Perianal Complications in Puerperium and Associated Risk Factors

“…In the present study, the prevalence of hemorrhoids in puerperal subjects was 12.2%. Most of the studies done all over the world by Simmons et al, 7 Beksac et al, 4 Ghasemzade et al, 8 and Abramowitz et al, 9 have documented the prevalence of hemorrhoids in puerperium as ranging between 12.2 to 40%. A higher prevalence of hemorrhoids in puerperium is seen when compared with other gestational periods and when compared with the general population.…”

Haemorrhoidal Disease in Pregnancy: Results From a Self-assessment Questionnaire Administered by Means of a Social Network

“…In our patients' sample, only primiparous women were considered in order to exclude those women with a history of perianal disorders of obstetric origin. We aimed to observe a direct effect of pregnancy on the development of HD and perianal symptoms (23).The questionnaire is reported in detail in the Appendix 1. One hundred and thirty-seven women answered to the questionnaire; 4 were excluded due to incongruent or incomplete answers.…”

Improving the quality of life in the postpartum period: reduce the incidence of hemorrhoids and its complications

“…За вищезазначеними ключовими словами знайдено 2000 публікацій, з них за релевант ною інформацією обрано для аналізу 4. Крите ріями відбору були: когорта обстежених (не менш 200 осіб), проспективність спостере ження (вагітність та післяпологовий період), наявність даних щодо медичного обстеження [1,2,6,9,10].…”

“…Так, у дослідженні [2] взяла участь 61 жінка з першою одноплідною вагітністю без анамнезу перианальних захворювань або системних розладів, які можуть спричинити геморой / трі щини заднього проходу (імунні/запальні за хворювання, цукровий діабет, проблеми шлун ково кишкового тракту та пов'язані з цим хірургічні втручання). Дослідники здійснюва ли огляди кожної пацієнтки, а також проводи ли опитування за анкетою, яка включала дані про демографічні, соціальні, медичні аспекти життя та захворювання перианальної зони між 11 і 14 м тижнями вагітності.…”