“…Of the 49 documents found, 26 were excluded because they did not present patient data and, therefore, 23 were selected. 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 Of these, three more articles were excluded, as one was a report on a patient with sickle cell anemia after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation 14 and two were published case reviews, 15 , 16 totalizing 20 eligible scientific documents. Finally, four were exclusively pediatric descriptions (between zero and < 19 years old), 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 five described both pediatric and adult data 12 , 13 , 21 , 22 , 23 and 11 exclusively reported on adults.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Finally, four were exclusively pediatric descriptions (between zero and < 19 years old), 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 five described both pediatric and adult data 12 , 13 , 21 , 22 , 23 and 11 exclusively reported on adults. 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 Figure 1 shows the selection of scientific documents. Figure 1 PRISMA flow diagram.…”
Introduction
It is important to know if patients with hemoglobinopathy could be more susceptible to COVID-19.
Objective
Analyze SARS-CoV-2 infection in pediatric patients with hemoglobinopathy.
Methods
Using the online platforms LILACS, PUBMED and EMBASE, on 17- JUL-2020 a search was made for the terms COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2 associated with “sickle cell”, “thalassemia” and “hemoglobinopathy”.
Results
There were 623 pediatric and adult patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) or beta thalassemia (BT) and COVID-19. Total mortality rate was 6.42%. No pediatric patient with BT has been described. So, our analysis focused on children and adolescents with SCD: there were 121 pediatric patients, one adolescent died, prophylactic anticoagulation was prescribed to six patients, 11.76% needed intensive care unit, blood transfusion was prescribed in 29.70%. Vaso-occlusive crisis (VOC) and acute chest syndrome (ACS) were the main clinical manifestations in SCD.
Discussion
Pediatric patients with SCD and COVID-19 have a low mortality rate when compared to adults, although is higher than the global pediatric population with COVID-19 (0−0.67%). The comorbidities associated with age and the long-term complications inherent to hemoglobinopathies may contribute to the increased mortality outside the pediatric age group. In SCD the clinical manifestations, both in children and adults, are VOC and ACS, and there was increase in blood requirement. Pediatric SCD patients with COVID-19 need more intensive care unit than the global pediatric population (3.30%).
Conclusion
Despite pediatric population with SCD needs more intensive care, the outcome after infection by COVID-19 is favorable.
“…Of the 49 documents found, 26 were excluded because they did not present patient data and, therefore, 23 were selected. 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 Of these, three more articles were excluded, as one was a report on a patient with sickle cell anemia after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation 14 and two were published case reviews, 15 , 16 totalizing 20 eligible scientific documents. Finally, four were exclusively pediatric descriptions (between zero and < 19 years old), 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 five described both pediatric and adult data 12 , 13 , 21 , 22 , 23 and 11 exclusively reported on adults.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Finally, four were exclusively pediatric descriptions (between zero and < 19 years old), 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 five described both pediatric and adult data 12 , 13 , 21 , 22 , 23 and 11 exclusively reported on adults. 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 Figure 1 shows the selection of scientific documents. Figure 1 PRISMA flow diagram.…”
Introduction
It is important to know if patients with hemoglobinopathy could be more susceptible to COVID-19.
Objective
Analyze SARS-CoV-2 infection in pediatric patients with hemoglobinopathy.
Methods
Using the online platforms LILACS, PUBMED and EMBASE, on 17- JUL-2020 a search was made for the terms COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2 associated with “sickle cell”, “thalassemia” and “hemoglobinopathy”.
Results
There were 623 pediatric and adult patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) or beta thalassemia (BT) and COVID-19. Total mortality rate was 6.42%. No pediatric patient with BT has been described. So, our analysis focused on children and adolescents with SCD: there were 121 pediatric patients, one adolescent died, prophylactic anticoagulation was prescribed to six patients, 11.76% needed intensive care unit, blood transfusion was prescribed in 29.70%. Vaso-occlusive crisis (VOC) and acute chest syndrome (ACS) were the main clinical manifestations in SCD.
Discussion
Pediatric patients with SCD and COVID-19 have a low mortality rate when compared to adults, although is higher than the global pediatric population with COVID-19 (0−0.67%). The comorbidities associated with age and the long-term complications inherent to hemoglobinopathies may contribute to the increased mortality outside the pediatric age group. In SCD the clinical manifestations, both in children and adults, are VOC and ACS, and there was increase in blood requirement. Pediatric SCD patients with COVID-19 need more intensive care unit than the global pediatric population (3.30%).
Conclusion
Despite pediatric population with SCD needs more intensive care, the outcome after infection by COVID-19 is favorable.
“…A number of cases of COVID-19 patients with rare anemias, including aplastic anemia [ 20 ], sickle cell anemia [ 21 ], thalassemia [ 22 ], autoimmune hemolytic anemia [ 23 ] and megaloblastic anemia [ 24 ], have been recently reported. Iron deficiency, folate deficiency, vitamin B 12 deficiency, inflammation and hemolysis contribute to most types of anemia, which are termed common anemia.…”
Aim: COVID-19 is a major threat to public health worldwide. A large proportion of COVID-19 patients is proved to develop anemia. Herein, we investigate the association between anemia and severe pneumonia. Materials & methods: 137 of COVID-19-confirmed patients admitted to Wuhan Union Hospital (Wuhan, China) from 13 February to 17 March 2020 were included. Their clinical characteristics and laboratory data were studied, and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed. Results: The anemic patients were less likely to develop fever in the early stage of COVID-19. Elevated IL-6 levels were found in anemic COVID-19 patients compared with those without anemia. COVID-19 patients with anemia had an 8.2 times greater possibility of developing severe pneumonia compared with their counterparts without anemia. Conclusion: This study comprehensively describes the clinical characteristics of anemic patients with ordinary, severe and critical COVID-19 and demonstrates the close relationship between the anemia and severe COVID-19.
“…One of the high-risk groups of COVID19 is sickle cell anemia (SCD) patients. These patients may be more vulnerable due to immunodeficiency and thrombosis (14).…”
Context: The COVID-19 pandemic emerged in China and spread to the majority of countries worldwide, causing numerous health problems and restrictions on the people’s lifestyles. The complications of this disease can be much more severe in patients who have a weakened immune system or a chronic disease. Sickle cell disease is a genetic disorder in which the immune system is impaired. Exposure to COVID-19 will have severe consequences in the sickle cell disease patients. In this study aimed to investigate the relationship between this disease with the COVID-19 pandemic. Evidence Acquisition: Embase, Scopus, Pub Med databases were reviewed. Keywords were combined as (“COVID19” OR “Coronavirus” AND “Anemia sickle Cell” OR “Sickle cell disease”). The results of related articles were used. Results: At the time of the COVID-19 pandemic, chronic patients and those with weakened immune systems need to be more socially inclined to be less exposed to the COVID-19 virus. Conclusions: When producing the COVID vaccine, high-risk groups such as sickle cell anemia patients should be given priority.
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