Preparation of graphene by the rapid and mild thermal reduction of graphene oxide induced by microwaves

Chen, Wufeng; Yan, Lifeng; Bangal, Prakriti Ranjan

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2009.11.037

Cited by 949 publications

(515 citation statements)

References 27 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

494

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Chemical reduction was commonly used and this was achieved with hydrazine and/or its derivatives [6][7][8][9][10][11] , hydroquinone 12 , NaBH 4 13-16 , sodium hydrosulfite 17 , L-ascorbic acid [18][19][20] , amino acid 20 , carrot root 21 , pyrrole 22 , and thiourea 23 as the typical reductants. The so-called thermal reduction 24 , microwave irradiation reduction 25 , and electrochemical reduction 26 were also applied to this procedure. Hydrazine or hydrazine hydrate have been used extensively due to their strong reducing capabilities, however, C-N groups were incorporated during the reduction reaction and remained in the resulting graphene, lowering the quality of the product.…”

Section: Methods Such As Chemical Vapor Deposition (Cvd) Of Hydrocarbmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thiourea Dioxide as a Green Reductant for the Mass Production of Solution-Based Graphene

Wang

Sun

Fugetsu

2012

Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Mass production of solution-based graphene derived from the precursor graphene oxide is a challenging step toward achieving industrialization of graphene. Inspired by a classical reducing method performed in the textile and paper making industries, we report here a rapid, cost-effective and safer approach to the facile production of graphene that employs thiourea dioxide (TDO) as the green reductant. Graphene oxide was converted into high quality graphene within 30 minutes with TDO as the reductant under moderate reaction conditions. The C/O ratio of the TDO reduced graphene was ~5.9 with the yield of graphene from graphene oxide > 99%. This is better than the reduction efficiency under the identical experimental conditions by using L-ascorbic acid as the reductant which required a reaction time of about 48 hours. This simple and effective procedure should offer an alternative route to the mass production of solution-based graphene for practical applications.

show abstract

Section: Methods Such As Chemical Vapor Deposition (Cvd) Of Hydrocarbmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thiourea Dioxide as a Green Reductant for the Mass Production of Solution-Based Graphene

Wang

Sun

Fugetsu

2012

Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[95][96][97] In several studies, microwave-assisted reducing of GO was carried out in aqueous or organic media. [95,[97][98][99] Chen et al [99] reported a microwave hydrothermal reduction of GO in a mixed solution of N, N-dimethylacetamide and water (DMAc/H 2 O). The power of MW irradiation is 800 W, and the RGO with a conductivity of 200 S m À1 can be accomplished in a few minutes.…”

Section: Microwave Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Effective Reduction of Graphene Oxide for Highly Improved Performance Toward Electrochemical Energy Storage

Zhang

Li²,

Zhang

et al. 2018

Energy & Environ Materials

119

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The demand for high‐quality graphene from various applications promotes the exploration of various synthesis methods such as chemical vapor deposition, chemical reduction of graphite oxide, liquid‐phase exfoliation, and electrochemical exfoliation. Among those, chemical treatments for the production of reduced graphene oxide (RGO) dictate the current technologies for mass production of graphene powder. However, such conventional chemical reduction methods are rather ineffective in removing oxygen‐containing functional groups from graphene oxide (GO), with resultant RGO products containing high level of structural defects. This leads to significantly damaged crystallinity and drastically lowered electric and thermal conductivity, which is probably the main bottleneck to limit the performance of RGO‐based materials. Great efforts such as thermal reduction, microwave‐irradiation reduction, or other novel reduction methods (e.g., photoreduction) have been developed to repair defects in RGO materials. This perspective review is to outline the latest advances toward effective reduction of GO for significantly enhanced properties. We demonstrate that effectively repaired RGO with large specific surface area and highly improved crystallinity is key to highly improved electric and thermal conductivity, thus leading to significantly enhanced properties essential for chemical energy storage devices.

show abstract

“…The most commonly used strategy involves the strong acidic oxidation of graphite followed by exfoliation, producing graphene oxide (GO) platelets. GO can be then reduced by chemical, thermal and optical methods that restore partially sp and chemical defects, and are stable in DMF [84][85][86], NMP [85,87,88], DMAc [89] and propylene carbonate [90] with the concentration of up to 1.4 mg·mL…”

Section: Graphene Sheets In Imidazolium Ionic Liquidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in Imidazolium Ionic Liquids Assisted Fabrication of Carbon Nanotube and Graphene Polymer Composites

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene sheets are the most promising fillers for polymer nanocomposites due to their superior mechanical, electrical, thermal optical and gas barrier properties, as well as high flame-retardant efficiency. The critical challenge, however, is how to uniformly disperse them into the polymer matrix to achieve a strong interface for good load transfer between the two. This problem is not new but more acute in CNTs and graphene, both because they are intrinsically insoluble and tend to aggregate into bundles and because their surfaces are atomically smooth. Over the past decade, imidazolium ionic liquids (Imi-ILs) have played a multifunctional role (e.g., as solvents, dispersants, stabilizers, compatibilizers, modifiers and additives) in the fabrication of polymer composites containing CNTs or graphene. In this review, we first summarize the liquid-phase exfoliation, stabilization, dispersion of CNTs and graphene in Imi-ILs, as well as the chemical and/or thermal reduction of graphene oxide to graphene with the aid of Imi-ILs. We then present a full survey of the literature on the Imi-ILs assisted fabrication of CNTs and graphene-based nanocomposites with a variety of polymers, including fluoropolymers, hydrocarbon polymers, polyacrylates, cellulose and polymeric ionic liquids. Finally, we give a future outlook in hopes of facilitating progress in this emerging area. OPEN ACCESSPolymers 2013, 5 848

show abstract

Preparation of graphene by the rapid and mild thermal reduction of graphene oxide induced by microwaves

Cited by 949 publications

References 27 publications

Thiourea Dioxide as a Green Reductant for the Mass Production of Solution-Based Graphene

Thiourea Dioxide as a Green Reductant for the Mass Production of Solution-Based Graphene

Recent Advances in Effective Reduction of Graphene Oxide for Highly Improved Performance Toward Electrochemical Energy Storage

Progress in Imidazolium Ionic Liquids Assisted Fabrication of Carbon Nanotube and Graphene Polymer Composites

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About