Carthami flos: a review of its ethnopharmacology, pharmacology and clinical applications

Yanhua, Tu; Xue, Yongbiao; Guo, Dandan; Sun, Lianna; Guo, Meili

doi:10.1016/j.bjp.2015.06.001

Cited by 35 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…Safflower ( Carthamus tinctorius L.) is not only cultivated as an oilseed crop but also widely used as a traditional medicine in China. Modern pharmacologic experiments have shown that safflower, along with its active compounds, has wide-reaching biological activities, including dilating the coronary artery, improving myocardial ischemia, and modulating immune responses [ 12 , 13 ]. Many researches on phytochemistry have shown that safflower synthesizes a striking variety of flavonoids, such as quinochalcones (hydrosafflower yellow A, carthamin, tinctorimine, and cartorimine) and flavonols (kaempferol and its glucosides, and quercetin and its glucosides), among others [ 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Modern pharmacologic experiments have shown that safflower, along with its active compounds, has wide-reaching biological activities, including dilating the coronary artery, improving myocardial ischemia, and modulating immune responses [ 12 , 13 ]. Many researches on phytochemistry have shown that safflower synthesizes a striking variety of flavonoids, such as quinochalcones (hydrosafflower yellow A, carthamin, tinctorimine, and cartorimine) and flavonols (kaempferol and its glucosides, and quercetin and its glucosides), among others [ 13 ]. Simultaneously, investigations on the genome and transcriptome of safflower have also been carried out, annotating the unigenes involved in the biosynthesis of flavonoids and fatty acids [ 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular characterization of flavanone 3-hydroxylase gene and flavonoid accumulation in two chemotyped safflower lines in response to methyl jasmonate stimulation

et al. 2016

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BackgroundAmong secondary metabolites, flavonoids are particularly crucial for plant growth, development, and reproduction, as well as beneficial for maintenance of human health. As a flowering plant, safflower has synthesized a striking variety of flavonoids with various pharmacologic properties. However, far less research has been carried out on the genes involved in the biosynthetic pathways that generate these amazing flavonoids, especially characterized quinochalcones. In this study, we first cloned and investigated the participation of a presumed flavanone 3-hydroxylase gene (F3H) from safflower (CtF3H) in a flavonoid biosynthetic pathway.ResultsBioinformation analysis showed that CtF3H shared high conserved residues and confidence with F3H from other plants. Subcellular localization uncovered the nuclear and cytosol localization of CtF3H in onion epidermal cells. The functional expressions of CtF3H in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3)pLysS cells in the pMAL-C5x vector led to the production of dihydrokaempferol when naringenin was the substrate. Furthermore, the transcriptome expression of CtF3H showed a diametrically opposed expression pattern in a quinochalcone-type safflower line (with orange-yellow flowers) and a flavonol-type safflower line (with white flowers) under external stimulation by methyl jasmonate (MeJA), which has been identified as an elicitor of flavonoid metabolites. Further metabolite analysis showed the increasing tendency of quinochalcones and flavonols, such as hydroxysafflor yellow A, kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucoside, kaempferol-3-O-β-rutinoside, rutin, carthamin, and luteolin, in the quinochalcone-type safflower line. Also, the accumulation of kaempferol-3-O-β-rutinoside and kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucoside in flavonols-typed safflower line showed enhanced accumulation pattern after MeJA treatment. However, other flavonols, such as kaempferol, dihydrokaempferol and quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucoside, in flavonols-typed safflower line presented down accumulation respond to MeJA stimulus.ConclusionsOur results showed that the high expression of CtF3H in quinochalcone-type safflower line was associated with the accumulation of both quinochalcones and flavonols, whereas its low expression did not affect the increased accumulation of glycosylated derivatives (kaempferol-3-O-β-rutinoside and rutin) in flavonols-typed safflower line but affect the upstream precursors (D-phenylalanine, dihydrokaempferol, kaempferol), which partly revealed the function of CtF3H in different phenotypes and chemotypes of safflower lines.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12870-016-0813-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characterization of flavanone 3-hydroxylase gene and flavonoid accumulation in two chemotyped safflower lines in response to methyl jasmonate stimulation

et al. 2016

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“…Hydroxysafflor yellow A, safflor yellow A, neocarthamin, carthamone, oleic acid, and isoquercitrin were the typical nonvolatile compounds in Carthamus tinctorius L., which are closely linked to the effect of promoting blood circulation . Paeoniflorin, albiflorin, salicylpaeoniflorin, and galloylpaeoniflorin were well‐known as the major constituents of Radix Paeoniae Rubra , which is used for nourishing blood as well .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of chemical components in Baidianling Capsule based on gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and high‐performance liquid chromatography combined with Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry

Wang

Chen

Wang

et al. 2017

J of Separation Science

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Baidianling Capsule, which is made from 16 Chinese herbs, has been widely used for treating vitiligo clinically. In this study, the sensitive and rapid method has been developed for the analysis of chemical components in Baidianling Capsule by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in combination with retention indices and high-performance liquid chromatography combined with Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. Firstly, a total of 110 potential volatile compounds obtained from different extraction procedures including alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, ketones, ethers, aldehydes, alcohols, phenols, organic acids, esters, furans, pyrrole, acid amides, heterocycles, and oxides were detected from Baidianling Capsule by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, of which 75 were identified by mass spectrometry in combination with the retention index. Then, a total of 124 components were tentatively identified by high-performance liquid chromatography combined with Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. Fifteen constituents from Baidianling Capsule were accurately identified by comparing the retention times with those of reference compounds, others were identified by comparing the retention times and mass spectrometry data, as well as retrieving the reference literature. This study provides a practical strategy for rapidly screening and identifying the multiple constituents of a complex traditional Chinese medicine.

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“…Pharmacological researches have shown that Radix Astragali has the function of dilating blood vessels and improving microcirculation, which can signi cantly increase the brain's ability to withstand periods of severe hypoxia and/or ischemia [13,14]. Carthami Flos, Persicae Semen, Radix paeoniae Rubra, Angelicae Sinensis Radix, and Chuanxiong Rhizoma can effectively improve the microcirculation of the body, signi cantly inhibit the proliferation of brous tissue, and reduce the in ammatory response [15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Network pharmacology and molecular docking analysis on molecular targets and mechanisms of Buyang Huanwu Decoction in the treatment of Ischemic Stroke

Gao

Tian

Han

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background and objective: With the exact clinical efficacy, Buyang Huanwu decoction (BHD) is a classical prescription for the treatment of ischemic stroke (IS). Here, we aimed to investigate the pharmacological mechanisms of BHD in treating IS using systems biology approaches.Methods: The bioactive components and potential targets of BHD were screened by TCMSP, BATMAN-TCM, ETCM, and SymMap databases. Besides, compounds that failed to find the targets from the above databases were predicted through STITCH, SWISS, and SEA. Moreover, six databases were searched to mine targets of IS. The intersection targets were obtained, and analyzed by GO and KEGG enrichment. Furthermore, BHD-IS PPI network, compound-compound target-IS network and pathway of drug-compound target-IS network were constructed by Cytoscape 3.6.0. Finally, AutoDock was used for molecular docking verification.Results：A total of 253 putative targets were obtained from 60 active compounds in BHD. Among them, 62 targets were related to IS. PPI network showed that the top ten key targets were IL6, TNF, VEGFA, and AKT1, etc. The enrichment analysis demonstrated candidate BHD targets were more frequently involved TNF, PI3K-Akt, and NF-kappa B signaling pathway. Network topology analysis showed that Radix Astragali was the main herb in BHD, and the key components were quercetin, beta-Sitosterol, kaempferol, and stigmasterol, etc. The results of molecular docking showed the active components in BHD had a good binding ability with the key targets.Conclusions: This study firstly adopted the methods of network pharmacology and molecular docking to reveal the relationships among herbs in BHD, the putative targets and IS-related pathways.

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Carthami flos: a review of its ethnopharmacology, pharmacology and clinical applications

Cited by 35 publications

References 68 publications

Molecular characterization of flavanone 3-hydroxylase gene and flavonoid accumulation in two chemotyped safflower lines in response to methyl jasmonate stimulation

Molecular characterization of flavanone 3-hydroxylase gene and flavonoid accumulation in two chemotyped safflower lines in response to methyl jasmonate stimulation

Identification of chemical components in Baidianling Capsule based on gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and high‐performance liquid chromatography combined with Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry

Network pharmacology and molecular docking analysis on molecular targets and mechanisms of Buyang Huanwu Decoction in the treatment of Ischemic Stroke

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