A meta-analysis of pre- and postoperative corticosteroids for reducing the complications following facial reconstructive and aesthetic surgery

Orbital floor fracture repair with implants: a retrospective study

“…Negative pressure drainage systems were not applied, although they are known to be effective for retrobulbar hemorrhage prevention [ 4 ]. In the absence of contraindications, an intravenous injection of 62.5 mg of methylprednisolone was administered once preoperatively and once daily for 2 days postoperatively to control the swelling [ 5 ]. The patients usually remained admitted to the hospital for 4–7 days after surgery to receive intravenous antibiotics.…”

Use of Subcutaneous Injection of Epinephrine and Triamcinolone with Tranexamic Acid Reduces Blood Loss, Transfusion Rates, and Length of Stay in Open Sagittal Craniosynostosis Repair

“…The history of investigation regarding use of steroids in plastic surgery starting in the 1970s by Habal using postoperative methylprednisolone in animal models and human studies to reduce facial swelling after facial surgery 12–14 . Several studies since have looked at administration of intravenous or systemic steroids after facial or orthognathic surgery, although there is no consensus on dosage or duration 6,15–19 . Perioperative systemic corticosteroids have been shown to decrease cost and length of hospitalization after fronto-orbital advancement for craniosynostosis, and reduced postoperative edema for procedures including Le Fort I osteotomy, orbital floor reconstruction, palatoplasty, pharyngeal flap, and others 15,17 .…”

“…[12][13][14] Several studies since have looked at administration of intravenous or systemic steroids after facial or orthognathic surgery, although there is no consensus on dosage or duration. 6,[15][16][17][18][19] Perioperative systemic corticosteroids have been shown to decrease cost and length of hospitalization after fronto-orbital advancement for craniosynostosis, and reduced postoperative edema for procedures including Le Fort I osteotomy, orbital floor reconstruction, palatoplasty, pharyngeal flap, and others. 15,17 Despite these benefits, less than half of craniofacial surgeons surveyed in 1999 gave patients steroids during their procedures (although the percentage was higher for pediatric craniomaxillofacial surgery specifically).…”

“…Research into use of corticosteroid's efficacy continues with a recent meta-analysis of pre-and postoperative corticosteroid use in reducing complications after facial and aesthetic surgery finding a significant reduction in periorbital edema and ecchymosis in the group receiving steroids as compared with placebo. 15 Very little data exist in the pediatric craniofacial population. A recent review identified only 3 studies examining steroid use specifically in craniosynostosis surgery.…”

“…20 Corticosteroids inhibit the initial process of inflammation that involves lymphocyte migration, fibrin deposition, capillary dilatation, and phagocytic activity. 15,20 Clune et al 17 stated that they preferred systemic dexamethasone over regional infiltration citing that this delivery method did not confer an advantage with airway edema or nausea which systemic administration can confer. They also cited potential complications of infiltrated steroids including hypopigmentation, fat atrophy, and wound complications.…”