Endophytic fungus Purpureocillium sp. A5 protect mangrove plant Kandelia candel under copper stress

Abstract

Mangrove is an important ecosystem in the world. Mangrove ecosystems have a large capacity in retaining heavy metals, and now they are usually considered as sinks for heavy metals. However, the mechanism of why the soil of mangrove ecosystems can retain heavy metal is not certain. In this research, endophytic fungus Purpureocillium sp. A5 was isolated and identified from the roots of Kandelia candel. When this fungus was added, it protected the growth of K. candel under Cu stress. This can be illustrated by analyzing chlorophyll A and B, RWC and WSD to leaves of K. candel. Purpureocillium sp. A5 reduces uptake of Cu in K. candel and changes the pH characterization of soil. Furthermore, A5 increase the concentration of Cu complexes in soil, and it enhanced the concentration of carbonate-bound Cu, Mn–Fe complexes Cu and organic-bound Cu in soil. Nevertheless, a significant reduction of the Cu ion was noted among A5-treated plants. This study is significant and illustrates a promising potential use for environmental remediation of endophytes, and also may partially explain the large capacity of mangrove ecosystems in retaining heavy metals.

Tapping Into the Cotton Fungal Phytobiome for Novel Nematode Biological Control Tools

“…The species Chaetomium globosum in particular has been frequently assessed for its antagonistic effects against plant-parasitic nematodes (Hu et al 2012;Meyer et al 2004;Nitao et al 2002). Although Purpureocillium fungi have been found as endophytes in plants other than cotton (Gong et al 2017), it is important to note that Purpureocillium lilacinum (formerly Paecilomyces lilacinus) is a well-known nematode egg pathogen that has been commercialized as a biological control agent for root-knot nematode management and is assumed to act against nematodes in the rhizosphere rather than as an endophyte (Brand et al 2004;Holland et al 2003;Kalele et al 2007).…”

Suitability of the Natural Resources of Reusam Aceh Jaya Island to Become an Ecotourism Area

“…This ecosystem has a key role in (i) biogeochemical cycles in tropical estuary ecosystems, (ii) sustainability of coastal marine ecological systems, (iii) support for aquaculture or (iv) stabilization of tropical coastlines [15]. A similar opinion was also conveyed by Gong et.al [13], mangrove ecosystems have a large capacity to hold heavy metals, high copper concentrations have been recorded in mangrove deposits throughout the world now [13].…”

“…Coral reef ecosystem, is a typical ecosystem located in the tropics, which is formed from the deposition of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) produced by reef-forming organisms (hermatypic corals) from the film Cnidaria of the order Scleractina which lives in symbiosis with zooxanthellae and a few additions from calcareous algae and other organisms which secretes carbonates (Benget in Lubis [13]. Coral reef ecosystems are used as tourist sites, around 30% of the world's coral reefs are valued in the tourism sector, with a total value estimated at nearly US $ 36 billion, or more than 9% of the value of coastal tourism in the world's coral reef countries [27].…”

Bioprospecting for fungi with potential pathogenic activity on leaves of Agave tequilana Weber var. Azul

“…This has been mainly described as saprophyte, and it is commonly isolated in soils (Luangsa‐Ard et al, ). Although, this also has been described as an endophytic fungus (Gong, Liu, Liao, Song, & Zhang, ). Some Basidiomycota strains as Peniophora , Flavodon and Trametes strains were also identified.…”