Contamination of environmental surfaces by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureu s (MRSA) in rooms of inpatients with MRSA-positive body sites

Kurashige, E. Jessica Ohashi; Oie, Shigeharu; Furukawa, Hiroyuki

doi:10.1016/j.bjm.2016.04.002

Cited by 20 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…S. aureus and P. aeruginosa have been detected from bedside cupboards, bed rails, floors and other hospital equipment [11]. S. aureus and P. aeruginosa persist on these surfaces [12,13], increasing transmission risk resulting in HAIs [14]. Overall, pathogen persistence could be due to sublethal concentrations of disinfectants [15,16], low efficacy levels for some classes of disinfectant wipes [17,18], amount of surface area wiped [18], and the label-use recommendations not being followed [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-contamination by disinfectant towelettes varies by product chemistry and strain

Voorn

Goss

Nkemngong

et al. 2020

Antimicrob Resist Infect Control

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Background: Disinfectant products are used frequently on environmental surfaces (e.g. medical equipment, countertops, patient beds) and patient care equipment within healthcare facilities. The purpose of this study was to assess the risk of cross-contamination of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa during and after disinfection of predetermined surface areas with ready-to-use (RTU) pre-wetted disinfectant towelettes. Methods: This study tested six disinfectant towelette products against S. aureus ATCC CRM-6538 and P. aeruginosa strain ATCC-15442 on Formica surfaces. Each disinfectant was evaluated on a hard nonporous surface and efficacy was measured every 0.5 m 2 using a modified version of EPA MLB SOP-MB-33 to study the risk of crosscontamination. Results: We found that all of the wipes used in this study transferred S. aureus and P. aeruginosa from an inoculated surface to previously uncontaminated surfaces. Disinfectant towelettes with certain chemistries also retained a high level of viable bacteria after disinfection of the surface area. The cross-contamination risk also varied by product chemistry and bacterial strain. Conclusion: Disinfectant wipes can cross-contaminate hard nonporous surfaces and retain viable bacterial cells post-disinfection, especially over larger surface areas. This highlights a need to further investigate the risk disinfectant wipes pose during and post-disinfection and guidance on maximum surface areas treated with a single towelette.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-contamination by disinfectant towelettes varies by product chemistry and strain

Voorn

Goss

Nkemngong

et al. 2020

Antimicrob Resist Infect Control

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“…Multiple studies indicated that HAI could be caused by many pathogenic organisms present in the hospital environment and objects frequently touched by patients’ hands, such as bed side rail, door knob, patient record, nurse call button [ 34 , 35 ]. Moreover, it was of vital importance to strengthen the effectiveness of cleaning and in order to prevent the transmission of pathogens from patient surrounding environment to HCWs and patients [ 36 , 37 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementation of WHO multimodal strategy for improvement of hand hygiene: a quasi-experimental study in a Traditional Chinese Medicine hospital in Xi’an, China

Shen

Wang

et al. 2017

Antimicrob Resist Infect Control

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BackgroundHand hygiene (HH) is an essential component for preventing and controlling of healthcare-associated infection (HAI), whereas compliance with HH among health care workers (HCWs) is frequently poor. This study aimed to assess compliance and correctness with HH before and after the implementation of a multimodal HH improvement strategy launched by the World Health Organization (WHO).MethodsA quasi-experimental study design including questionnaire survey generalizing possible factors affecting HH behaviors of HCWs and direct observation method was used to evaluate the effectiveness of WHO multimodal HH strategy in a hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Multimodal HH improvement strategy was drawn up according to the results of questionnaire survey. Compliance and correctness with HH among HCWs were compared before and after intervention. Also HH practices for different indications based on WHO “My Five Moments for Hand Hygiene” were recorded.ResultsIn total, 553 HCWs participated in the questionnaire survey and multimodal HH improvement strategy was developed based on individual, environment and management levels. A total of 5044 observations in 23 wards were recorded in this investigation. The rate of compliance and correctness with HH improved from 66.27% and 47.75% at baseline to 80.53% and 88.35% after intervention. Doctors seemed to have better compliance with HH after intervention (84.04%) than nurses and other HCWs (81.07% and 69.42%, respectively). When stratified by indication, compliance with HH improved for all indications after intervention (P < 0.05) except for “after body fluid exposure risk” and “after touching patient surroundings”.ConclusionImplementing the WHO multimodal HH strategy can significantly improve HH compliance and correctness among HCWs.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s13756-017-0254-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…In this review, 55 studies sampled for bacterial contaminants, two for fungi, five for DNA viruses, and four for RNA viruses. MRSA had the longest reporting timeframe, 1997e2019 [6,58,59]. Other species were only targeted in more recent publications, such as carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii with only one study in 2016 [7].…”

Section: Findings Of Hospital Surface Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

How to carry out microbiological sampling of healthcare environment surfaces? A review of current evidence

Rawlinson

Ciric

Cloutman-Green

2019

Journal of Hospital Infection

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There is increasing evidence that the hospital surface environment contributes to the spread of pathogens. However, evidence on how best to sample these surfaces is inconsistent and there is no guidance or legislation in place on how to do this. The aim of this review was to assess current literature on surface sampling methodologies, including the devices used, processing methods, and the environmental and biological factors that might influence results. Studies published prior to March 2019 were selected using relevant keywords from ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and PubMed. Abstracts were reviewed and all data-based studies in peer-reviewed journals in the English language were included. Microbiological air and water sampling in the hospital environment were not included. Although the numbers of cells or virions recovered from hospital surface environments were generally low, the majority of surfaces sampled were microbiologically contaminated. Of the organisms detected, multidrug-resistant organisms and clinically significant pathogens were frequently isolated and could, therefore, present a risk to vulnerable patients. Great variation was found between methods and the available data were incomplete and incomparable. Available literature on sampling methods demonstrated deficits with potential improvements for future research. Many of the studies included in the review were laboratory-based and not undertaken in the real hospital environment where sampling recoveries could be affected by the many variables present in a clinical environment. It was therefore difficult to draw overall conclusions; however, some recommendations for the design of routine protocols for surface sampling of healthcare environments can be made.

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Contamination of environmental surfaces by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureu s (MRSA) in rooms of inpatients with MRSA-positive body sites

Cited by 20 publications

References 19 publications

Cross-contamination by disinfectant towelettes varies by product chemistry and strain

Cross-contamination by disinfectant towelettes varies by product chemistry and strain

Implementation of WHO multimodal strategy for improvement of hand hygiene: a quasi-experimental study in a Traditional Chinese Medicine hospital in Xi’an, China

How to carry out microbiological sampling of healthcare environment surfaces? A review of current evidence

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