Prevalence and molecular analysis of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in the extra-hospital environment in Mthatha, South Africa

Adjei, Yaw; Apalata, Teke; Vasaikar, Sandeep; Okuthe, Grace Emily; Songca, Sandile P.

doi:10.1016/j.bjid.2019.09.004

Cited by 36 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(56 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…baumannii infections (cefotaxime 89%, ceftazidime 85%, cefepime 85%, piperacillin + tazobactam 76%, imipenem 83%, meropenem 83%, ciprofloxacin 83%, gentamycin 81%, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole 82%) ( Figure 1 ). The findings are similar to several reports made by different researchers within the region [ 54 – 56 ] and globally [ 58 ]. In their published report on the district of Oliver Reginald Tambo in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa, Anane et al [ 55 ] highlighted that A .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Efflux Pump Activity and Mutations Driving Multidrug Resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii at a Tertiary Hospital in Pretoria, South Africa

Nogbou

Nkawane

Ntshane

et al. 2021

International Journal of Microbiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) has developed several resistance mechanisms. The bacteria have been reported as origin of multiple outbreaks. This study aims to investigate the use of efflux pumps and quinolone resistance-associated genotypic mutations as mechanisms of resistance in A. baumannii isolates at a tertiary hospital. A total number of 103 A. baumannii isolates were investigated after identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing by VITEK2 followed by PCR amplification of blaOXA-51. Conventional PCR amplification of the AdeABC efflux pump (adeB, adeS, and adeR) and quinolone (parC and gyrA) resistance genes were performed, followed by quantitative real-time PCR of AdeABC efflux pump genes. Phenotypic evaluation of efflux pump expression was performed by determining the difference between the MIC of tigecycline before and after exposure to an efflux pump inhibitor. The Sanger sequencing method was used to sequence the parC and gyrA amplicons. A phylogenetic tree was drawn using MEGA 4.0 to evaluate evolutionary relatedness of the strains. All the collected isolates were blaOXA-51-positive. High resistance to almost all the tested antibiotics was observed. Efflux pump was found in 75% of isolates as a mechanism of resistance. The study detected parC gene mutation in 60% and gyrA gene mutation in 85%, while 37% of isolates had mutations on both genes. A minimal evolutionary distance between the isolates was reported. The use of the AdeABC efflux pump system as an active mechanism of resistance combined with point mutation mainly in gyrA was shown to contribute to broaden the resistance spectrum of A. baumannii isolates.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Efflux Pump Activity and Mutations Driving Multidrug Resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii at a Tertiary Hospital in Pretoria, South Africa

Nogbou

Nkawane

Ntshane

et al. 2021

International Journal of Microbiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Based on the present results, tigecycline exhibited promising in vitro activity against A. baumannii isolates. This finding is in agreement with previous works, showing the highest susceptibility of A. baumannii clinical isolates to tigecyclin (18). Therefore, this antibiotic might be regarded as a treatment option for infections due to MDR/XDR A. baumannii (19,20).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Genetic Diversity of OXA Producing Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii from Environment of Tertiary Hospitals in Central Iran

Rostami

Mehrban

Ghourchian

et al. 2020

Arch Clin Infect Dis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background:The hospital environment usually involves in cross-colonization and/or outbreaks of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB). This study aims to identify genetic diversity of environmental Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) isolates based on OXA-type carbapenems. Objectives: It was intended to identify the environmental source of A. baumannii strains to control future infections and ongoing outbreaks. Methods: Swab samples were collected from equipment, fluids and surfaces of intensive care units of five hospitals (H1 to H5). The susceptibility of the isolates was defined through disk diffusion method. blaOXA-51, blaOXA-58, blaOXA-23, and blaOXA-24 genes were detected by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) . Genetic diversity was investigated using ERIC-PCR. Mean values were compared using an Independent samples t-test. Results:The mean number of Gram-negative bacilli colony per sample was significantly higher in moist surfaces (1.9 ± 2.37) than in dry surfaces and medical equipment (P < 0.05). Among 32 A. baumannii isolates, 17 (53.1%) were classified as CRAB, 13 (40.6%) as multidrug resistant (MDR) and six (18.8%) as extremely drug resistant (XDR) phenotypes. The isolates showed the most susceptibility to tigecycline (81.3%) and doxycycline (81.3%). Totally, 10 isolates (31.3%) carried blaOXA-23 and one isolate carried blaOXA-58, but none contained blaOXA-24. Typing of the strains provided seven single types (ST) and nine clusters (A-I). Two isolates in cluster B (different surfaces of H4) and two in cluster I (from ventilators of H3 and H1) were designated as common type (CT). In H4 and H1, different isolates belonging to different clusters were recovered from bed sheet and baby sink bath, respectively. Conclusions: Clonally-related blaOXA-23 positive CRABs occurred in the environment, especially on moist surfaces of hospitals. The distribution of the same clones in different hospitals may point to expansion of a specific clone which increases the risk of crosscolonization of vulnerable patients.

show abstract

“…Moreover, outbreaks caused by A. baumannii isolates that displayed resistance to the vast majority of available antimicrobial agents have been increasingly reported during the last decades [ 26 , 59 ]. This ability to acquire antibiotic resistance determinants has propelled its clinical relevance [ 60 ].…”

Section: Acinetobacter Baumannii Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acinetobacter baumannii Infections in Times of COVID-19 Pandemic

2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The COVID-19 pandemic has generated an overuse of antimicrobials in critically ill patients. Acinetobacter baumannii frequently causes nosocomial infections, particularly in intensive care units (ICUs), where the incidence has increased over time. Since the WHO declared the COVID-19 pandemic on 12 March 2020, the disease has spread rapidly, and many of the patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 needed to be admitted to the ICU. Bacterial co-pathogens are commonly identified in viral respiratory infections and are important causes of morbidity and mortality. However, we cannot neglect the increased incidence of antimicrobial resistance, which may be attributed to the excess use of antimicrobial agents during the COVID-19 pandemic. Patients with COVID-19 could be vulnerable to other infections owing to multiple comorbidities with severe COVID-19, prolonged hospitalization, and SARS-CoV-2-associated immune dysfunction. These patients have acquired secondary bacterial infections or superinfections, mainly bacteremia and urinary tract infections. This review will summarize the prevalence of A. baumannii coinfection and secondary infection in patients with COVID-19.

show abstract

Prevalence and molecular analysis of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in the extra-hospital environment in Mthatha, South Africa

Cited by 36 publications

References 45 publications

Efflux Pump Activity and Mutations Driving Multidrug Resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii at a Tertiary Hospital in Pretoria, South Africa

Efflux Pump Activity and Mutations Driving Multidrug Resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii at a Tertiary Hospital in Pretoria, South Africa

Genetic Diversity of OXA Producing Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii from Environment of Tertiary Hospitals in Central Iran

Acinetobacter baumannii Infections in Times of COVID-19 Pandemic

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About