Molecular diversity of human parvovirus B19 during two outbreaks of erythema infectiosum in Brazil

Abstract

This study was conducted to provide information on the genetic diversity of human parvovirus B19 (B19V) circulating in the municipality of Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Southeast Brazil during 1996-2006, a period with two distinct outbreaks of B19V infection: 1999-2000 and 2004-2005. A total of 27 sera from patients with erythema infectiosum and five sera from HIV-infected patients that tested positive for B19V DNA during the study period were analyzed. To genotype B19V strains, a semi-nested PCR for partial amplification of the capsid gene was performed and sequence analysis revealed that 31 sequences belonged to subgenotype 1a (G1a) of the main genotype 1 and one sequence was characterized as subgenotype 3b (G3b). The phylogenetic tree supported the division of the G1a into two well-defined clades with 1.3% of divergence. The low diversity of the G1a strains may be explained by the fact that all patients had acute B19V infection and 30/32 sera were collected during two distinct outbreaks. The G3b strain was from an HIV-infected patient who seroconverted to anti-B19 IgG antibodies in September/2005. This is the first report of G3b in the state of Rio de Janeiro.

Parvovirus B19 in the Context of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: Evaluating Cell Donors and Recipients

“…In respect of B19V circulating virus strains, our study corroborates a recent work that stated that genotype 1 is the most worldwide spread type, being followed by the rare genotype 3b. 63 , 64 In Brazil, other previous studies had demonstrated the existence of genotypes 1, 2, and 3, 42 , 49 whereas others detected only 1 and 3 genotypes 48 , 65 or solely genotype 1. 50 , 66 …”

Surveillance of Erythrovirus B19 (B19V) in patients with acute febrile illness suspected of arboviruses in Mato Grosso do Sul state, Brazil

“…Genotype 1 is the most prevalent in the world. In Brazil, the three genotypes have already been detected, but there is also a predominance of Genotype 1 ( Freitas et al, 2008 ; Garcia et al, 2023 ). The first complete genome of B19V genotype 1 a was from a serum sample suspected of dengue infection, from a fatal case of a 12-year-old boy in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil ( Conteville et al, 2023 ).…”

Parvovirus B19 Infection and Pregnancy: Review of the Current Knowledge

“…Parvovirus B19 infection may be asymptomatic or may present with prodromal symptoms only. In some cases, the prodrome is followed by a subsequent phase with more specific symptoms, while in other cases, as in immunosuppressed or high-risk individuals, the infection may progress to a chronic form associated with long-term complications and sequelae [19,20]. However, parvovirus infection can be asymptomatic in more than 50% of non-pregnant women and almost 30-50% of pregnant women, respectively [21].…”

“…EI is the most classic sign of the disease and is more common in children. It is characterized by a "slapped face" appearance with a maculopapular rash on the face and/or trunk and extremities, which may present as a reticular rash [19,20].…”