Immunomodulatory properties of cell wall extract from Enterococcus faecalis CECT7121

Sparo, Mónica; Delpech, Gastón; Batisttelli, Susana; Basualdo, Juan Ángel

doi:10.1016/j.bjid.2014.05.005

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(19 reference statements)

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“…Popović et al [15] reported that the E. faecium BGPAS1-3 heat-killed postbiotic, besides having an antimicrobial anti-listerial effect, exhibits immunomodulatory activity through stimulation of the production of protective IL-8 and TGF-β in IEC as well as through modulation of MyD88-dependent TLR2 and TLR4 pathways. The findings are in accordance to other published data indicating that enterococci could be used as immunomodulators [164,165]. It is concluded that manipulation of TLR expression can be the way enterococci achieve immunomodulatory activity [166].…”

Section: Probiotic Potential Of Enterococcus Sppsupporting

confidence: 91%

Enterococci from Raw-Milk Cheeses: Current Knowledge on Safety, Technological, and Probiotic Concerns

Terzić-Vidojević

Veljović

Popović

et al. 2021

Foods

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The present study is focused on the safety, technological characteristics, and probiotic evaluation of Enterococcus species from different artisanal raw milk dairy products, mainly cheeses with ripening. Apart from proteolytic and lipolytic activities, most enterococci show the ability to metabolize citrate and convert it to various aromatic compounds. Long-ripened cheeses therefore have a specific flavor that makes them different from cheeses produced from thermally treated milk with commercial starter cultures. In addition, enterococci are producers of bacteriocins effective against spoilage and pathogenic bacteria, so they can be used as food preservatives. However, the use of enterococci in the dairy industry should be approached with caution. Although originating from food, enterococci strains may carry various virulence factors and antibiotic-resistance genes and can have many adverse effects on human health. Still, despite their controversial status, the use of enterococci in the food industry is not strictly regulated since the existence of these so-called desirable and undesirable traits in enterococci is a strain-dependent characteristic. To be specific, the results of many studies showed that there are some enterococci strains that are safe for use as starter cultures or as probiotics since they do not carry virulence factors and antibiotic-resistance genes. These strains even exhibit strong health-promoting effects such as stimulation of the immune response, anti-inflammatory activity, hypocholesterolemic action, and usefulness in prevention/treatment of some diseases.

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Section: Probiotic Potential Of Enterococcus Sppsupporting

confidence: 91%

Enterococci from Raw-Milk Cheeses: Current Knowledge on Safety, Technological, and Probiotic Concerns

Terzić-Vidojević

Veljović

Popović

et al. 2021

Foods

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“…A different approach is the use of microbial cell extracts that reduce the risks of bacterial translocation and infection (Sparo et al, 2014; Lemme-Dumit et al, 2018).…”

Section: Impact In Human Infections and Therapeutic Options For Resismentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact on Public Health of the Spread of High-Level Resistance to Gentamicin and Vancomycin in Enterococci

2018

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Antibiotic resistance has turned into a global public health issue. Enterococci are intrinsically resistant to many antimicrobials groups. These bacteria colonize dairy and meat products and integrate the autochthonous microbiota of mammal’s gastrointestinal tract. Over the last decades, detection of vanA genotype in Enterococcus faecium from animals and from food of animal origin has been reported. Vancomycin-resistant E. faecium has become a prevalent nosocomial pathogen. Hospitalized patients are frequently treated with broad-spectrum antimicrobials and this leads to an increase in the presence of VanA or VanB vancomycin-resistant enterococci in patients’ gastrointestinal tract and the risk of invasive infections. In humans, E. faecium is the main reservoir of VanA and VanB phenotypes. Acquisition of high-level aminoglycoside resistance is a significant therapeutic problem for patients with severe infections because it negates the synergistic effect between aminoglycosides and a cell-wall-active agent. The aac(6′)-Ie-aph (2″)-Ia gene is widely spread in E. faecalis and has been detected in strains of human origin and in the food of animal origin. Enzyme AAC(6′)-Ie-APH(2″)-Ia confers resistance to available aminoglycosides, except to streptomycin. Due to the fast dissemination of this genetic determinant, the impact of its horizontal transferability among enterococcal species from different origin has been considered. The extensive use of antibiotics in food-producing animals contributes to an increase in drug-resistant animal bacteria that can be transmitted to humans. Innovation is needed for the development of new antibacterial drugs and for the design of combination therapies with conventional antibiotics. Nowadays, semi-purified bacteriocins and probiotics are becoming an attractive alternative to the antibiotic in animal production. Therefore, a better understanding of a complex and relevant issue for Public Health such as high-level vancomycin and gentamicin resistance in enterococci and their impact is needed. Hence, it is necessary to consider the spread of vanA E. faecium and high-level gentamicin resistant E. faecalis strains of different origin in the environment, and also highlight the potential horizontal transferability of these resistance determinants to other bacteria.

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“…In addition to antimicrobial effects, some enterococci could compete with pathogens for cell binding sites (Popovic et al, 2018). Also, enterococci are recognized by different PRRs, that could be used for immune responses modulation (Sparo et al, 2014; Carasi et al, 2017) and regulation of epithelial barrier function (Miyauchi et al, 2008). In addition, enterococci are used in the fermentation of dairy and meat products contributing to the ripening and aroma development of certain cheeses or fermented sausages, often those produced in Mediterranean countries (Franz et al, 2003; Morandi et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Heat-Killed Enterococcus faecium BGPAS1-3 on the Tight Junction Protein Expression and Immune Function in Differentiated Caco-2 Cells Infected With Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 19111

et al. 2019

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Listeria monocytogenes, the common foodborne pathogenic bacteria species, compromises the intestinal epithelial barrier, leading to development of the listeriosis, a severe disease especially among immunocompromised individuals. L. monocytogenes infection usually requires antibiotic treatment, however, excessive use of antibiotics promotes emergence of antibiotic resistance and the destruction of gut microbiota. Probiotics, including lactic acid bacteria (LAB), have been repeatedly proven as an alternative approach for the treatment of various infections. We have analyzed the potential of Enterococcus faecium BGPAS1-3, a dairy isolate exhibiting strong direct antilisterial effect, to modulate the response of differentiated Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells to L. monocytogenes ATCC 19111 infection. We showed that the molecule with antilisterial effect is a bacterial cell-wall protein that is highly resistant to the high-temperature treatment. When we tested the antilisterial potential of heat-killed BGPAS1-3, we found that it could prevent tight junction disruption in differentiated Caco-2 monolayer infected with L. monocytogenes ATCC 19111, induce antilisterial host response mechanisms, and stimulate the production of protective TGF-β in intestinal epithelial cells. We also showed that the modulation of MyD88 dependent TLR2 and TLR4 pathways by BGPAS1-3 are involved in host response against L. monocytogenes ATCC 19111. Since heat-killed BGPAS1-3 possess strong antilisterial effects, such postbiotic could be used as a controllable and safe therapeutic.

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Immunomodulatory properties of cell wall extract from Enterococcus faecalis CECT7121

Cited by 16 publications

References 16 publications

Enterococci from Raw-Milk Cheeses: Current Knowledge on Safety, Technological, and Probiotic Concerns

Enterococci from Raw-Milk Cheeses: Current Knowledge on Safety, Technological, and Probiotic Concerns

Impact on Public Health of the Spread of High-Level Resistance to Gentamicin and Vancomycin in Enterococci

The Influence of Heat-Killed Enterococcus faecium BGPAS1-3 on the Tight Junction Protein Expression and Immune Function in Differentiated Caco-2 Cells Infected With Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 19111

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