Pertussis in the central-west region of Brazil: one decade study

Druzian, Angelita Fernandes; Brustoloni, Yvone Maia; Oliveira, Sandra Maria do Valle Leone de; Matos, Vanessa Terezinha Gubert de; Negri, Adriana Carla; Pinto, Clarice Souza; Asato, Silvia; Urias, Cirlene dos Santos Gonçalves; Paniago, Anamaria Mello Miranda

doi:10.1016/j.bjid.2013.08.006

Cited by 11 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Our findings are in line with a previous study conducted between 2003 and 2004 on patients living in Algiers [23] and with reports from other countries of a resurgence of pertussis despite high vaccination coverage [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. Several explanations have been suggested, including the occurrence of pertussis outbreaks, or the two-to five-year cycles of increasing and decreasing incidence.…”

Section: Incidence Of Pertussis Infectionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Other possible causes are low vaccination coverage that hinders optimal vaccine effectiveness, waning vaccine-induced immunity in adolescent and adult populations who had received whole-cell or acellular vaccines without subsequent boosters, B. pertussis adaptation (antigenic divergence of circulating and vaccine strains), and the presence of asymptomatic transmitters, which potentially biases the estimation of vaccine effectiveness [2,4,5,[28][29][30][31][32][33][34]. The resurgence of pertussis has also been attributed, at least in part, to increased routine use of real-time PCR and more sensitive serologic assays (real-time PCR was introduced in Algeria in 2012), and increased awareness of clinicians [2,4,5,[28][29][30][31][32].…”

Section: Incidence Of Pertussis Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pertussis in north-central and northwestern regions of Algeria

Benamrouche

Maamar

Lazri

et al. 2016

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: Pertussis outbreaks continue to occur in many countries despite high vaccination coverage. Under-diagnosed cases in adolescents and adults may result in increased transmission to infants, who are at risk of severe pertussis. Additional measures to protect both groups should be considered. Methodology: Nasopharyngeal samples and sera were collected from patients and household contacts with clinically suspected pertussis. Diagnoses were confirmed by culture, real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and serology. Bordetella pertussis isolates were characterized by antimicrobial sensitivity and fimbrial serotyping. Results: Of 392 participants, 134/248 patients (54%) and 66/144 contacts (45.8%) had confirmed pertussis infections. B. parapertussis was not detected. All B. pertussis isolates were sensitive to the antibiotics tested, and all expressed the Fim3, not the Fim2, fimbrial serotype. Most patients (81.2%) were <6 months (51.8% of whom were <3 months) of age; 77.6% were unvaccinated, and most positive contacts were mothers 20-40 years of age. Conclusions: Despite high vaccination coverage, pertussis is circulating in Algeria. Most infections occur in unvaccinated infants <6 months of age, with mothers as the main source of infection. An adolescent/adult booster should be considered. Adoption of sensitive and specific laboratory tests would improve pertussis diagnosis and surveillance.

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Section: Incidence Of Pertussis Infectionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Incidence Of Pertussis Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pertussis in north-central and northwestern regions of Algeria

Benamrouche

Maamar

Lazri

et al. 2016

J Infect Dev Ctries

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“…However, in Spain these recommendations are not followed consistently. In this sense, routine pertussis screening has been performed since the 1990s during outbreaks in the USA in settings such as schools, day care centers, and hospitals (for symptomatic patients with suspected pertussis), which promotes prompt administration of antibiotics for high risk close contacts and suspected cases [26, 27]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of pertussis in two Ibero-American countries with different vaccination policies: lessons derived from different surveillance systems

Solano

Masa-Calles

Garib³

et al. 2016

BMC Public Health

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BackgroundPertussis is a re-emerging disease worldwide despite its high vaccination coverage. European and Latin-American countries have used different surveillance and vaccination policies against pertussis. We compared the epidemiology of this disease in two Ibero-American countries with different vaccination and surveillance policies.MethodsWe compared the epidemiology of pertussis in Spain and the Dominican Republic (DR). We present a 10-year observational study of reported pertussis based on suspected and/or probable cases of pertussis identified by the national mandatory reporting system in both countries between 2005 and 2014. Both countries have a similar case definition for pertussis surveillance, although Spain applies laboratory testing, and uses real time PCR and/or culture for case confirmation while in DR only probable and/or suspected cases are reported. We analyzed incidence, hospitalization, case-fatality rates, mortality and vaccination coverage.ResultsThe average annual incidence in children aged <1 year was 3.40/100,000 population in Spain and 12.15/100,000 in DR (p = 0.01). While the incidence in DR was generally higher than in Spain, in 2011 it was six times higher in Spain than in DR. The highest infant mortality in Spain was 0.017/100,000 in 2011, and the highest in DR was 0.08/100,000 in 2014 (p = 0.01). The proportion of hospitalized cases per year among children <1 year varied between 22.0% and 93.7% in Spain, and between 1.1% and 29.4% in DR (p = 0.0002), while mortality varied from 0 to 0.017 and 0 to 0.08 per 100,000 population in Spain and DR, respectively (p = 0.001). Vaccination coverage was 96.5% in Spain and 82.2% in DR (p = 0.001).ConclusionsPertussis is a public health problem in both countries. Surveillance, prevention and control measures should be improved, especially in DR. Current vaccination programs are not sufficient for preventing continued pertussis transmission, even in Spain which has high vaccination coverage.

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“…28 In Catalonia, serology tests which, according to the Centers for Disease Control of the USA, are the best tests to carry out in cases with cough of between 2 and 8 wk, are not included in the routine analysis of pertussis. 29 These cases represent adults and adolescents in whom the only symptom is a cough of long duration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%