Hematological particularities and co-infections in injected drug users with AIDS

Brunetta, Denise Menezes; Santis, Gil Cunha De; Vilar, Fernando Crivelenti; Brandão, Renata Amorim; Muniz, Renata Zomer de Albernaz; Lima, Geovana Momo Nogueira de; Amorelli-Chacel, Manuela Emiliana; Covas, Dimas Tadeu; Machado, Alcyone Artioli

doi:10.1016/j.bjid.2013.03.010

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Figure 2 shows the geographic distribution of PLHA coinfected with HCV in Brazil described in these studies. Notably, the southern region had 30 % of all cases [15, 17, 23, 25, 32, 39, 47], followed by the southeast (25.4 %) [19, 24, 44–46, 49] and midwest (8.9 %) [14, 35] regions (Fig. 2).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of hepatitis C virus among people living with HIV/AIDS in Latin America and the Caribbean: a systematic review

Tengan

Ibrahim

Dantas³

et al. 2016

BMC Infect Dis

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BackgroundStudies have shown that the immunosuppression induced by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) accelerates the natural history of liver disease associated with hepatitis C virus (HCV), with 3- to 5-fold higher odds of coinfected individuals developing cirrhosis. However, estimates of the seroprevalence of hepatitis C among people living with HIV/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) (PLHA) in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) are widely variable.MethodsWe performed a systematic review to estimate the seroprevalence of HCV among PLHA. We searched studies on HIV and HCV infections in LAC included in the PubMed, LILACS and Embase databases in December of 2014 with no time or language restrictions. The following combinations of search terms were used in the PubMed and Embase databases: (HIV OR Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Virus OR AIDS OR HTLV OR Human Immunodeficiency Virus OR Human T Cell) AND (HCV OR HEPATITIS C OR HEPATITIS C VIRUS OR HEPACIVIRUS) AND (name of an individual country or territory in LAC). The following search terms were used in the LILACS database: (HIV OR AIDS OR Virus da Imunodeficiencia Humana) AND (HCV OR Hepatite C OR Hepacivirus). An additional 11 studies were identified through manual searches. A total of 2,380 publications were located, including 617 duplicates; the remaining articles were reviewed to select studies for inclusion in this study.ResultsA total of 37 studies were selected for systematic review, including 23 from Brazil, 5 from Argentina, 3 from Cuba, 1 from Puerto Rico, 1 from Chile, 1 from Colombia, 1 from Mexico, 1 from Peru and 1 from Venezuela. The estimated seroprevalence of HCV infection varied from 0.8 to 58.5 % (mean 17.37; median 10.91), with the highest in Argentina and Brazil and the lowest in Venezuela and Colombia.ConclusionsInvestigation of HCV infection among PLHA and of HIV infection among people living with HCV is highly recommended because it allows for better follow up, counseling and treatment of HIV/HCV-coinfected patients. Future studies with larger sample sizes are needed in both South and Central America to understand and address the risk factors associated with the acquisition of infection.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12879-016-1988-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of hepatitis C virus among people living with HIV/AIDS in Latin America and the Caribbean: a systematic review

Tengan

Ibrahim

Dantas³

et al. 2016

BMC Infect Dis

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“…Derangements in RBC indices impair the body's physiological and homeostatic roles (29,30). This further leads to tissue hypoxia (31), disease progression, poor prognosis hence shortened life span (32). While studies have described levels, rates, morphologic types and associated risk factors of anemia in HIV-1 infected individuals, TB and HIV-TB coinfected individuals (26,33,34), little is known about anemia in the context of HIV-1 and TB co-infected Kenyan injection substance users.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anemia Burden, Types and Associated Risk Factors among Kenyan Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 and Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Co-infected Injection Substance UsersAnemia Burden, Types and Associated Risk Factors among Kenyan Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 a

Abonyo

Shaviya

Budambula

et al. 2020

Ethiop J Health Sci

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BACKGROUND፡ Although injection substance users and individuals co-infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 and Mycobacterium tuberculosis suffer marked hematologic derangements, the rates, levels, morphologic types and associated risk factors of anemia among Human immunodeficiency virus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis coinfected injection substance users has not been reported in Kenya.METHODS: This cross-sectional study determined anemia rates, levels and morphologic types. Anemia was associated with clinical markers of disease- underweight, immunosuppression and viral load. Complete blood count, CD4 T-cell enumeration and viral load were determined via standard laboratory methods.RESULTS: All injection substance users had higher rates of anaemia (HIV+TB+ ISUs, 79.3%; HIV-TB+ISUs, 70.0%; HIV+TB- ISUs, 56.6% and HIV-TB- ISUs, 56.2%) relative to non-ISUs (16.6%; P<0.05). A significant proportion of HIV+TB+ISUs (47.8%) developed severe anemia than other clinical groups. The commonest morphologic type of anemia in HIV+TB+ISUs was microcytic hypochromic (43.5%) followed by normocytic hypochromic (17.4%) relative to the other clinical groups. HIV+TB+ ISUs with CD4 T-cells <200/uL (OR: 2.94, 95% CI: 1.41-6.13, P=0.004) and CD4 Tcells of 200-349/uL (OR: 3.24, 95% CI: 1.66-6.31, P=0.001) associated with higher odds of developing anemia.CONCLUSION: This study revealed that severe anemia and microcytic hypochromic anemia are the most common erythrocytic sequelae among Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 and Mycobacterium tuberculosis co-infected ISUs. Those with CD4 T-cells < 350/uL are utmost expected to develop anemia.

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The burden and types of anaemia among HIV infected, ART-naive injection substance users in Kenya

Khazalwa¹,

Were²,

Mulama³

et al. 2022

Afr H. Sci.

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Introduction: Illicit substance use and HIV infection cause haematological derangements. Anaemia characterized by a reduction in the quality and quantity erythrocytes is the most common disorder in both HIV-positive persons and illicit substance users. Objective: To describe anaemia burden, types, and its association with HIV in injectable substance users in Mombasa, Kenya. Methods: This descriptive case-control study evaluated red cell indices and morphology in 494 adults. The primary outcome was anaemia. The association of anaemia with HIV in injection substance users was determined using the chi-square test. Results: The participants included 275 injection substance users (ISU), (HIV-positive, n=62 and HIV-negative, n=213); and 219 non-injection substance users (nonISU), (HIV-positive, n=33 and HIV-negative, n=186). Overall, 49% were anaemic with anaemia burden significantly differing across the groups, Χ2(3, N=494) =12.1, p=0.0070. Anaemia burden was higher in HIV-positive ISU compared to HIV-negative ISU (odds ratio (OR) = 1.59, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.85, 2.96); and HIV-positive nonISU compared to HIV-negative nonISU (OR = 0.37, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.17, 0.79). Most of the anaemia was dimorphic in both HIV-positive (ISU, 67% and nonISU, 52%) and HIV-negative (ISU, 43% and nonISU, 55%) participants. Conclusion: Infection with HIV is associated with increased risk of anaemia in injectable and non-injectable substance users. Majority of the anaemia was dimorphic suggestive of multiple aetiologies. Establishing the related aetiologies is essential for the effective treatment of anaemia. The accurate evaluation of thin blood films remains an essential tool in diagnosing an array of haematologic disorders and as a reference for further tests and patient management. Keywords: Anaemia; HIV/AIDS; substance use.

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Hematological particularities and co-infections in injected drug users with AIDS

Cited by 3 publications

References 17 publications

Seroprevalence of hepatitis C virus among people living with HIV/AIDS in Latin America and the Caribbean: a systematic review

Seroprevalence of hepatitis C virus among people living with HIV/AIDS in Latin America and the Caribbean: a systematic review

Anemia Burden, Types and Associated Risk Factors among Kenyan Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 and Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Co-infected Injection Substance UsersAnemia Burden, Types and Associated Risk Factors among Kenyan Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 a

The burden and types of anaemia among HIV infected, ART-naive injection substance users in Kenya

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