Comparative evaluation of propofol in nanoemulsion with solutol and soy lecithin for general anesthesia

Rittes, José Carlos; Cagno, Guilherme; Perez, Marcelo Vaz; Mathias, L

doi:10.1016/j.bjane.2013.03.026

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The MVe and the inferior olivary nucleus (ION) were commonly activated by sevoflurane and propofol, while all other identified regions were activated by only one of the two anesthetics ( Table 1 ). The two control groups for propofol treatment (intralipos and sham) showed similar trends in most brain regions; however, in the paraventricular nucleus, elevated c-Fos was observed, probably due to vein irritation caused by continuous intralipos administration under non-anesthetic conditions [ 20 , 39 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Brain Regions Activated by Sevoflurane and Propofol and Regional Changes in Gene Expression

Kamei

Higo

Mizuno

et al. 2022

Acta Histochem. Cytochem

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General anesthetics have different efficacies and side effect incidences based on their mechanism of action. However, detailed comparative studies of anesthetics are incomplete. In this study, target brain regions and gene expression changes in these brain regions were determined for sevoflurane and propofol to understand the mechanisms that cause differences among anesthetics. Rats were anesthetized with sevoflurane or propofol for 1 hr, and brain regions with anesthesia-induced changes in neuronal activity were examined by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization for c-Fos. Among the identified target brain regions, gene expression analysis was performed in the habenula, the solitary nucleus and the medial vestibular nucleus from laser microdissected samples. Genes altered by sevoflurane and propofol were different and included genes involved in the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting and emergence agitation, such as Egr1 and Gad2. GO enrichment analysis showed that the altered genes tended to be evenly distributed in all functional category. The detailed profiles of target brain regions and induced gene expression changes of sevoflurane and propofol in this study will provide a basis for analyzing the effects of each anesthetic agent and the risk of adverse events.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Brain Regions Activated by Sevoflurane and Propofol and Regional Changes in Gene Expression

Kamei

Higo

Mizuno

et al. 2022

Acta Histochem. Cytochem

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“…It is speculated that the improved physical stability is attributed to the favorable interfacial alignment of MCT at the lipid droplet surfaces, resulting in less interfacial tension between the oil and aqueous phases of the emulsion, than LCT [47]. It is reported that propofol injectable emulsion composed of LCT and MCT causes lower intense and less frequent injection pain than propofol injectable emulsion with LCT [48,49]. Based on this result, it is recommended that PML fat emulsion is more suitable for the combination with etomidate injectable emulsion for general anesthesia in clinical.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical and Chemical Compatibility of Etomidate and Propofol Injectable Emulsions

Wang¹,

Wu²,

Li³

et al. 2021

Pharmacology

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Introduction: The mixture of etomidate and propofol is widely used in clinical practice to improve efficacy of general anesthesia and to minimize side effects. As a thermodynamically unstable system, emulsion is prone to destabilization through mechanisms including coalescence, flocculation, and creaming. Such unwanted phenomenon can induce fat embolism after intravenous administration. This study was aimed to investigate the physical and chemical stability of the mixture of etomidate and propofol in the dosage form of emulsion. Methods: This compatibility study focused on the critical quality attributes (CQAs) of drug-containing emulsions, such as appearance, pH, particle size and distribution, zeta potential, the observation under centrifugation, and drug content and impurity. Results: As the results, there were no significant changes in the CQAs of the mixed emulsions up to 24 h after mixing at refrigeration temperature (4°C), room temperature (25°C), and body temperature (37°C). Conclusions: These results demonstrate that etomidate emulsion is physically and chemically compatible with propofol emulsions up to 24 h at 4°C, 25°C, and 37°C, suggesting that etomidate and propofol can be administrated in mixture without adversely affecting product characteristics, at least in vitro.

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“…Ulsamer B et al in 1988 16 also found high incidence of pain upon Injection to be a disadvantage of Propofol in their study. In 2013 Jose Carlos rittes et al 17 concluded that both lipid and nanoemulsion formulations of Propofol elicited pain on intravenous Injection; however, the nanoemulsion solution elicited a less intense pain. Y.Nyman et al in 2006 18 conducted a study in which they observed that Propofol is associated with a high incidence of Injection pain in children, even if given together with lidocaine.…”

Section: Side Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Hemodynamic Effects of IV Etomidate vs IV Propofol in Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery

Singh¹,

Road²

2019

jmscr

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Laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation stimulates cardiovascular responses such as hypertension, tachycardia and dysrhythmias. Sudden hypotension, arrhythmias, and cardiovascular collapse are threatening complications following Injection of induction agent in hemodynamically unstable patients demanding a search for safe inducing agent. A prospective randomized study was conducted on 60 ASA Grade I and II patients aged 18-60 yrs scheduled for Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS).They were divided into two groups of 30 each. One group received Inj. Etomidate 0.3mg/kg as induction agent Grp E and Inj. Propofol 2mg/kg in Grp F preceeded by Inj. Midazolam 0.02mg/kg and Inj.. Fentanyl 3µgm/kg. as premedication . Patients were maintained on O2 +Nitrous oxide +Isoflurane +intermittent doses of Inj. Vecuronium. Reversal done with Inj. Neostigmine 50 mcg/kg & Inj. Glycopyrrolate 10mcg/kg IV. before extubation . Haemodynamic parameters were observed at different intervals. Statistical data confirmed that Etomidate was a better inducing agent being haemodynamically stable with minimum side effects than Propofol.

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Comparative evaluation of propofol in nanoemulsion with solutol and soy lecithin for general anesthesia

Abstract: Both lipid and nanoemulsion formulations of propofol elicited pain on intravenous injection; however, the nanoemulsion solution elicited a less intense pain. Lipid and nanoemulsion propofol formulations showed neither hemodynamic changes nor adverse effects of clinical relevance.

Cited by 7 publications

References 21 publications

Identification of Brain Regions Activated by Sevoflurane and Propofol and Regional Changes in Gene Expression

Identification of Brain Regions Activated by Sevoflurane and Propofol and Regional Changes in Gene Expression

Physical and Chemical Compatibility of Etomidate and Propofol Injectable Emulsions

Comparison of Hemodynamic Effects of IV Etomidate vs IV Propofol in Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery

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