A randomized half-body, double blind, controlled trial on the effects of a pH-modified moisturizer vs. standard moisturizer in mild to moderate atopic dermatitis

Goh, Siew Wen; Jamil, Adawiyah; Safian, Nazarudin; Nor, Norazirah Md; Muhammad, Norliza; Saharudin, Nur Liyana

doi:10.1016/j.abd.2019.11.007

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…We showed here that a novel emollient inhibits acute contact dermatitis in mice. It has been presumed that the benefits of emollients for eczematous dermatitis are attributable to the improvements in epidermal permeability barrier and stratum corneum hydration [ 34 – 36 ]. This presumption can hold true in chronic dermatitis with defective epidermal permeability barrier and reduced stratum corneum hydration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topical Applications of a Novel Emollient Inhibit Inflammation in Murine Models of Acute Contact Dermatitis

Wen

Sun

et al. 2021

BioMed Research International

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The benefits of emollients for eczematous dermatitis and psoriasis have been thought to be due to the improvements in epidermal function, including epidermal permeability barrier, stratum corneum hydration, and stratum corneum pH. We determined here whether emollient can direct inhibit cutaneous inflammation. Ear inflammation was induced by topical application of either 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) or 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB). Either 1% hydrocortisone cream or the novel emollient was applied to the right ear of the mice 45 min and 2 hours after TPA or DNFB application. The untreated left ear served as untreated controls. Both ear weight and ear thickness were measured 24 hours after TPA and DNFB application. Topical applications of either hydrocortisone cream or emollient significantly decreased both ear thickness and ear weight in comparison to untreated controls. In DNFB model, hydrocortisone significantly lowered expression levels of mRNA for IL-1α, IL-1β, and TNFα, while the emollient markedly decreased expression levels of IL-1α and TNFα mRNA. In TPA model, both hydrocortisone and emollient significantly decreased expression levels of IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNFα mRNA. In parallel, inflammatory infiltration was also reduced by topical applications of either hydrocortisone or emollient. These results demonstrate that this novel emollient can directly inhibit cutaneous inflammation in murine models of both acute irritant contact dermatitis and acute allergic contact dermatitis. However, whether this emollient could also alleviate eczematous dermatitis in humans remains to be explored.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topical Applications of a Novel Emollient Inhibit Inflammation in Murine Models of Acute Contact Dermatitis

Wen

Sun

et al. 2021

BioMed Research International

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“…Rawlings et al found that topical application of a 4% l -lactic acid moisturizer significantly increased SC ceramide content and barrier resilience, measured via tape-stripping and subsequent TEWL, compared to application of a vehicle without lactic acid [105]. A recent study using a moisturizer of pH 4.5 in patients with AD found a trend toward improved SCORAD and TEWL compared to a control commercial moisturizer [106].…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Moisturizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Skin Barrier and Moisturization: Function, Disruption, and Mechanisms of Repair

Rajkumar,

Chandan,

Lio

et al. 2023

Skin Pharmacol Physiol

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Background: The anatomic layers of the skin are well-described; recent research into the barrier capabilities of the skin has led to the development of a functional model of the skin barrier. Moisturization has been consistently recommended for use in conditions such as atopic dermatitis, in which barrier disruption plays a key role in disease. This review aims to analyze the skin barrier in the context of this function model, with a focus on the mechanisms by which moisturizers support each of the functional layers of the skin barrier to promote homeostasis and repair. Methods: A PubMed literature search was conducted using combinations of the search terms “skin barrier”, “functional skin barrier”, “acid mantle”, “skin microbiome”, “moisturizer”, “emollient”, “humectant”, and “occlusive” to uncover relevant articles. Abstract review was conducted to determine relevance for inclusion; references of articles were also reviewed and included as needed. The article search was limited to articles published in English. Results: The skin barrier is comprised of four interdependent layers - physical, chemical, microbiologic, and immunologic – which maintain barrier structure and function. Skin barrier disruption affects each of these four layers; moisturizers target each of these layers to promote homeostasis and repair. Occlusives, humectants, and emollients occlude the surface of the stratum corneum, draw water from the dermis into the epidermis, and assimilate into the stratum corneum, respectively, in order to strengthen the physical skin barrier. Acidic moisturizers bolster the chemical skin barrier by supporting optimal enzymatic function, increasing ceramide production, and facilitating ideal conditions for commensal microorganisms. Regular moisturization may strengthen the immunologic skin barrier by reducing permeability, allergen penetration, and sensitization. Conclusions: The physical, chemical, microbiologic, and immunologic layers of the skin barrier are each uniquely impacted in states of skin barrier disruption. Moisturizers target each of the layers of the skin barrier to maintain homeostasis and facilitate repair.

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“…Preparations such as petrolatum, physiologic lipids or ceramide-based lipids are known to reduce TEWL and decrease bacterial colonization, which improves overall skin barrier function [ 79 ]. While standard aqueous creams show positive results in terms of symptom improvement, pH-modified moisturizers significantly alleviate symptoms in AD and serve as a useful treatment adjunct [ 80 ]. Emollients can also affect Staphylococcus species abundance and microbiota diversity [ 81 ].…”

Section: Treatment Of Atopic Dermatitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Skin Microbiota in Atopic Dermatitis

Hrestak

Matijašić

Paljetak

et al. 2022

IJMS

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The skin microbiota represents an ecosystem composed of numerous microbial species interacting with each other, as well as with host epithelial and immune cells. The microbiota provides health benefits to the host by supporting essential functions of the skin and inhibiting colonization with pathogens. However, the disturbance of the microbial balance can result in dysbiosis and promote skin diseases, such as atopic dermatitis (AD). This review provides a current overview of the skin microbiota involvement in AD and its complex interplay with host immune response mechanisms, as well as novel therapeutic strategies for treating AD focused on restoring skin microbial homeostasis.

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A randomized half-body, double blind, controlled trial on the effects of a pH-modified moisturizer vs. standard moisturizer in mild to moderate atopic dermatitis

Cited by 4 publications

References 23 publications

Topical Applications of a Novel Emollient Inhibit Inflammation in Murine Models of Acute Contact Dermatitis

Topical Applications of a Novel Emollient Inhibit Inflammation in Murine Models of Acute Contact Dermatitis

The Skin Barrier and Moisturization: Function, Disruption, and Mechanisms of Repair

Skin Microbiota in Atopic Dermatitis

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