DNA Fingerprinting: State of the Science

Pena, Sérgio D.J.; Chakraborty, R.; Epplen, Jörg T.; Jeffreys, Alec J.

doi:10.1007/978-3-0348-8583-6

Cited by 39 publications

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New applications of low-C0t DNA as a DNA fingerprint probe

Leung

1999

Electrophoresis

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New applications of low‐C0t DNA are reported as probes for genetic identification and genome characterization. These fast and intermediately reannealing fractions have sometimes either been discarded in genomic library construction to enhance the probability of finding single copy genes, or they are used as resources for identifying individual repetitive sequences. In addition, they are used as blockers to enhance hybridization signals. C0t‐1 DNA serves as a probe for DNA fingerprinting of human yeast artificial chromosomes. We have isolated low‐C0t DNA from bacteria, fungus, plant, mussel, chicken, rat and fish from the sheared genomic DNA of the respective species. Low‐C0t DNA is labeled to generate DNA fingerprints and for in situ hybridization. Individual specific DNA fingerprint profiles are observed and species‐specific DNA fragments can be identified in bacteria, fungus, plants (Ginseng and Amaranthus) and mussel. When low‐C0t DNA probes from rat, chicken and fish were employed, only smear profiles and no distinct DNA banding patterns were evident. In these species, individual clones can be used as a probe for DNA fingerprinting containing repetitive sequences after subcloning. The advantage of this approach is to quickly develop a useful probe for DNA fingerprinting for genetic identification and analysis without sequencing knowledge a priori. This represents an innovative approach to the use of these repetitive components of the genome.

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New applications of low-C0t DNA as a DNA fingerprint probe

Leung

1999

Electrophoresis

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Simple repetitive sequences in the genome: Structure and functional significance

et al. 1995

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The current explosion of DNA sequence information has generated increasing evidence for the claim that noncoding repetitive DNA sequences present within and around different genes could play an important role in genetic control processes, although the precise role and mechanism by which these sequences function are poorly understood. Several of the simple repetitive sequences which occur in a large number of loci throughout the human and other eukaryotic genomes satisfy the sequence criteria for forming non-B DNA structures in vitro. We have summarized some of the features of three different types of simple repeats that highlight the importance of repetitive DNA in the control of gene expression and chromatin organization. (i) (TG/CA)n repeats are widespread and conserved in many loci. These sequences are associated with nucleosomes of varying linker length and may play a role in chromatin organization. These Z-potential sequences can help absorb superhelical stress during transcription and aid in recombination. (ii) Human telomeric repeat (TTAGGG)n adopts a novel quadruplex structure and exhibits unusual chromatin organization. This unusual structural motif could explain chromosome pairing and stability. (iii) Intragenic amplification of (CTG)n/(CAG)n trinucleotide repeat, which is now known to be associated with several genetic disorders, could down-regulate gene expression in vivo. The overall implications of these findings vis-à-vis repetitive sequences in the genome are summarized.

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Statistical Issues Regarding the Use of Microsatellite Loci for Molecular Anthropological Studies

Chakraborty

1999

Genomic Diversity

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DNA Fingerprinting: State of the Science

Cited by 39 publications

References 0 publications

New applications of low-C0t DNA as a DNA fingerprint probe

New applications of low-C0t DNA as a DNA fingerprint probe

Simple repetitive sequences in the genome: Structure and functional significance

Statistical Issues Regarding the Use of Microsatellite Loci for Molecular Anthropological Studies

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