Covalent Adaptable Networks: Reversible Bond Structures Incorporated in Polymer Networks

Bowman, Christopher N.; Kloxin, Christopher J.

doi:10.1002/anie.201200708

Cited by 382 publications

(266 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…[ 17,21,22 ] However, the recycling of vitrimers typically requires a mechanical process of abrasive grinding, followed by compression molding of the powdered binder above its vitrimeric transition temperature ( T v ). [ 23 ] In a fi ber-reinforced composite, such a grinding action would result in complete reduction of fi ber length, and thus limit the materials' potential for reuse as cheap composite fi llers, rather than a replacement for virgin fi bers.…”

Section: Doi: 101002/adma201505245mentioning

confidence: 99%

Repairable Woven Carbon Fiber Composites with Full Recyclability Enabled by Malleable Polyimine Networks

et al. 2016

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Carbon-fiber reinforced composites are prepared using catalyst-free malleable polyimine networks as binders. An energy neutral closed-loop recycling process has been developed, enabling recovery of 100% of the imine components and carbon fibers in their original form. Polyimine films made using >21% recycled content exhibit no loss of mechanical performance, therefore indicating all of the thermoset composite material can be recycled and reused for the same purpose.

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Section: Doi: 101002/adma201505245mentioning

confidence: 99%

Repairable Woven Carbon Fiber Composites with Full Recyclability Enabled by Malleable Polyimine Networks

et al. 2016

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“…When the exchange reactions occur within the backbone of a polymer network, they lead to a diffusion of polymer chains and rearrange the overall network connectivity [35,51]. Here, we propose a two dimensional (2D) square lattice model to represent the adaptive network topology, which is inspired by the lattice model used in polymer physics.…”

Section: A Lattice Model For Interfacial Weldingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As shown in Fig. 8c, by measuring the slope (8200K), the energy barrier μ a is calculated to be 68.18 kJ/mol, and the pre-exponential factor k equals 51 2.17 10 s   at the reference temperature of 160 o C. …”

Section: Scaling Model For Interfacial Fracture Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

Interfacial welding of dynamic covalent network polymers

Shi

et al. 2016

Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids

113

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Dynamic covalent network (or covalent adaptable network) polymers can rearrange their macromolecular chain network by bond exchange reactions (BERs) where an active unit can replace a unit in an existing bond to form a new bond. Such macromolecular events, when they occur in large amounts, can attribute to unusual properties that are not seen in conventional covalent network polymers, such as shape reforming and surface welding; the latter further enables the important attributes of material malleability and 2 powder-based reprocessing. In this paper, a multiscale modeling framework is developed to study surface welding of thermally induced dynamic covalent network polymers. At the macromolecular network level, a lattice model is developed to describe the chain density evolution across the interface and its connection to bulk stress relaxation due to BERs. The chain density evolution rule then feeds in to a continuum level interfacial model that takes into account surface roughness and applied pressure during welding to predict the effective elastic modulus and interfacial fracture energy of welded dynamic covalent network polymers. The model yields particularly accessible results where the moduli and interfacial strength of the welded samples as a function of temperature and pressure can be predicted with three parameters, two of which can be measured directly.The model identifies the dependency of surface welding efficiency on the applied thermal and mechanical fields: the pressure will affect the real contact area under the consideration of surface roughness of dynamic covalent network polymers; the chain density increment on the real contact area of interface is only dependent on the welding time and temperature. The modeling approach shows good agreement with experiments and can be extended to other types of dynamic covalent network polymers using different stimuli for BERs, such as light and moisture etc.

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“…This inherent reversibility means that it can be (re)formed or broken on the users' demand, generally under relatively mild conditions. Hence, it has been included in the dynamic covalent chemistry (DCC) toolbox [157][158][159][160][161] and it is essential in some covalent adaptable networks (CANs) [162][163][164] with self-healing capabilities [165][166][167][168]. However, undesired disulfide formation during thiol-click reactions and/or longterm storage of thiol-containing substrates is of particular concern and was one of the initial reasons for starting our thiolactone research (vide supra).…”

Section: Double Ppm Of Thiolactone-containing Polymers Combined With mentioning

confidence: 99%

One-Pot Double Modification of Polymers Based on Thiolactone Chemistry

Espeel

Prez

2014

Multi-Component and Sequential Reactions in Polymer Synthesis

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One-pot multistep reactions based on thiolactone chemistry have emerged as a powerful tool for modifying thiolactone-containing polymers in one-pot and in an elegant manner. In general, thiolactones can be opened by a wide variety of functional amines and the released thiol can react with thiol 'scavengers' of choice. This overview highlights the most important features of this approach, illustrated by the versatile and site-specific double postpolymerization modification of various reactive systems.

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Covalent Adaptable Networks: Reversible Bond Structures Incorporated in Polymer Networks

Cited by 382 publications

References 13 publications

Repairable Woven Carbon Fiber Composites with Full Recyclability Enabled by Malleable Polyimine Networks

Repairable Woven Carbon Fiber Composites with Full Recyclability Enabled by Malleable Polyimine Networks

Interfacial welding of dynamic covalent network polymers

One-Pot Double Modification of Polymers Based on Thiolactone Chemistry

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