Suzuki Coupling

Abstract

This reaction is a palladium‐catalyzed cross‐coupling between an aryl or vinyl halide (or its equivalents and pseudo‐ halides) and an aryl or vinyl borane, boronic acid or boronic ester and is generally known as the Suzuki coupling. Occasionally, this reaction is also known as the Suzuki biaryl cross‐coupling. In addition, the use of the Suzuki coupling for the preparation of polyconjugated polymers from aryl dihalide and aryl diboronic acid (or esters) is called the Suzuki polycondensation. The Suzuki coupling involves many known palladium compounds as suitable catalysts and bases as effective promoters. In addition, all the mechanistic features and factors responsible for the enhancement of the catalytic activity have been addressed. It should be pointed out that solvent also affects the coupling outcome, as evidenced by the coupling of aryl chloride. Overall, the Suzuki coupling has become one of the most popular coupling reactions in organic synthesis because of its intrinsic advantages. However, the Suzuki coupling is also associated with some limitations. This reaction has very broad applications in organic synthesis.