10-m 951-Gb/s RGB laser diodes-based WDM underwater wireless optical communication

Abstract

The availability of the underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) based on red (R), green (G) and blue (B) lights makes the realization of the RGB wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) UWOC system possible. By properly mixing RGB lights to form white light, the WDM UWOC system has prominent potentiality for simultaneous underwater illumination and high-speed communication. In this work, for the first time, we experimentally demonstrate a 9.51-Gb/s WDM UWOC system using a red-emitting laser diode (LD), a single-mode pigtailed green-emitting LD and a multi-mode pigtailed blue-emitting LD. By employing 32-quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation in the demonstration, the red-light, the green-light and the blue-light LDs successfully transmit signals with the data rates of 4.17 Gb/s, 4.17 Gb/s and 1.17 Gb/s, respectively, over a 10-m underwater channel. The corresponding bit error rates (BERs) are 2.2 × 10, 2.0 × 10 and 2.3 × 10, respectively, which are below the forward error correction (FEC) threshold of 3.8 × 10.

Ultraviolet-to-blue color-converting scintillating-fibers photoreceiver for 375-nm laser-based underwater wireless optical communication

“…On the other hand, RF communication in the underwater environment is also limited by the high conductivity of seawater that attenuates the radio waves [16,17]. To circumvent these issues, UWOC has been proposed as an alternative solution to provide a reliable and stable real-time high-data-rate transmission of up to Gbps in the underwater environment with distances of up to hundreds of meters long [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25].…”

Light based underwater wireless communications

“…32) To achieve higher data rates and maximize the transmission capacity of UWOC systems, several experimental demonstrations of spectrally efficient orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation technique were carried out in the last few years. 9,11,[33][34][35][36] Notably, Wu et al have experimentally achieved a 12.4 Gbps 16-QAM OFDM data transmission over 1.7 m underwater link using a 450 nm LD. 10) Meanwhile, Xu has reported 2.0 m, 161 Mbps using 450 nm LED.…”

“…37) Such LED based UWOC systems can be more promising for applications that require medium bit rates, low cost, and simultaneous illumination and communication. Several researchers have also looked into orbital angular momentum (OAM) multiplexing, 38,39) multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) 40,41) and wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) 11) to further increase the system data rate. Table I gives a brief summary of data rates and link distances achieved in recent UWOC system level demonstrations.…”

6-m/10-Gbps underwater wireless red-light laser transmission system

“…6 Moreover, considerable research on underwater wireless light communication has been conducted in recent years. A study on underwater transmission characteristics, attenuation coefficient, and channel bandwidth regarding blue, green, and red lights had been proposed, [7][8] from which an interesting finding was obtained-red light has a better transmission performance compared with blue and green lights in high turbidity water. [9][10][11][12][13][14] Therefore, an underwater wireless red-light laser transmission (UWRLLT) system is expected to provide a short-distance underwater highspeed link, similar to Wi-Fi-on-air in terms of function.…”