10 kVp rule – An anthropomorphic pelvis phantom imaging study using a CR system: Impact on image quality and effective dose using AEC and manual mode

Abstract

Ti t l e 1 0 kVp r ul e-a n a n t h r o p o m o r p hic p elvis p h a n t o m i m a gi n g s t u dy u si n g a CR sy s t e m : i m p a c t o n i m a g e q u ality a n d eff e c tiv e d o s e u si n g AEC a n d m a n u al m o d e

Dose optimisation in paediatric radiography – Using regression models to investigate the relative impact of acquisition factors on image quality and radiation dose

“…Selecting the reference image in this way was undertaken in order to allow the observer to use the whole of the Likert scale during relative VGA and thus reduce skewness during scoring [28]. A similar approach for choosing reference images was used by Mraity (2015) [29] and supported by Lance et al (2014) [30].…”

Construction and validation of a low cost paediatric pelvis phantom

“…The purpose of this phase of the study was to seek the perspectives from trained radiography students on the visibility of key anatomical features on the X-ray image from each phantom. Previously such studies [38,39] have used between 5 to 10 observers to evaluate image quality, so our sample size is quite large. In addition to the student observers, four experts with more than ten years experience (two radiologists and two qualified radiographers) were included in the evaluation of the phantom X-ray image.…”

Antero-posterior (AP) pelvis x-ray imaging on a trolley: Impact of trolley design, mattress design and radiographer practice on image quality and radiation dose

“…The phantom was positioned supine on the x-ray tabletop for the acquisition of a reference image which was subsequently used as the optimal comparison image. The acquisition parameters used to acquire the x-ray tabletop reference image were those typically employed in clinical practice and recommended in various published work [6][7][8][9][10][11] . They included a 110cm source to image distance (SID), the outer chambers of the automatic exposure control, 75 kV, an oscillating grid mounted into the x-ray table Bucky, 3.2mm Al equivalent total filtration and a broad focal spot size (1mm).…”

“…This was necessary because using the same size ROI for all images would induce a level of inaccuracy to the CNR measurements since the anatomy sampled within that ROI would vary depending on the magnification level of the image. Image J software (National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD) was used to calculate CNR; this software tool is used regularly in literature for similar calculations 11,[30][31] . Using this approach, the mean pixel value and the standard deviation for the ROI was acquired 32 : subsequently the following equation was used to determine CNR:…”

“…Many optimisation studies 11,16,33 consider radiation dose and image quality data separately; however Williams, Hackney, Hogg and Szczepura 34 proposed a method to combine image quality and radiation dose data where the image quality scores are divided by radiation dose to give a figure of merit. This figure of merit would signify an optimisation score (OS) where a high score indicates better image quality at lower dose whereas a low score indicates poorer image quality at higher radiation dose.…”