10-Gingerol, a component of rikkunshito, improves cisplatin-induced anorexia by inhibiting acylated ghrelin degradation

Sadakane, Chiharu; Muto, Shuichi; Nakagawa, Koji; Ohnishi, Shunsuke; Saegusa, Yayoi; Nahata, Miwa; Hattori, Tomohisa; Asaka, Masahiro; Takeda, Hiroshi

doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.08.002

Cited by 58 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Similar results were obtained after the administration of rikkunshito. Rikkunshito has been reported to increase plasma acylated ghrelin levels5,28 and inhibit the deacylation of acylated ghrelin 30. However, the administration of rikkunshito did not affect plasma acylated or des-acyl ghrelin levels in our restraint model.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

Administration of exogenous acylated ghrelin or rikkunshito, an endogenous ghrelin enhancer, improves the decrease in postprandial gastric motility in an acute restraint stress mouse model

Nahata

Saegusa

Sadakane

et al. 2014

Neurogastroenterology Motil

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BackgroundPhysical or psychological stress causes functional disorders in the upper gastrointestinal tract. This study aims to elucidate the ameliorating effect of exogenous acylated ghrelin or rikkunshito, a Kampo medicine which acts as a ghrelin enhancer, on gastric dysfunction during acute restraint stress in mice.MethodsFasted and postprandial motor function of the gastric antrum was wirelessly measured using a strain gauge force transducer and solid gastric emptying was detected in mice exposed to restraint stress. Plasma corticosterone and ghrelin levels were also measured. To clarify the role of ghrelin on gastrointestinal dysfunction in mice exposed to stress, exogenous acylated ghrelin or rikkunshito was administered, then the mice were subjected to restraint stress.Key ResultsMice exposed to restraint stress for 60 min exhibited delayed gastric emptying and increased plasma corticosterone levels. Gastric motility was decreased in mice exposed to restraint stress in both fasting and postprandial states. Restraint stress did not cause any change in plasma acylated ghrelin levels, but it significantly increased the plasma des-acyl ghrelin levels. Administration of acylated ghrelin or rikkunshito improved the restraint stress-induced delayed gastric emptying and decreased antral motility. Ameliorating effects of rikkunshito on stress-induced gastric dysfunction were abolished by simultaneous administration of a ghrelin receptor antagonist.Conclusions & InferencesPlasma acylated/des-acyl ghrelin imbalance was observed in acute restraint stress. Supplementation of exogenous acylated ghrelin or enhancement of endogenous ghrelin signaling may be useful in the treatment of decreased gastric function caused by stress.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

Administration of exogenous acylated ghrelin or rikkunshito, an endogenous ghrelin enhancer, improves the decrease in postprandial gastric motility in an acute restraint stress mouse model

Nahata

Saegusa

Sadakane

et al. 2014

Neurogastroenterology Motil

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“…Acyl-ghrelin displays dosedependent GH-releasing activity [8,9], stimulates food intake, triggers a positive energy balance [10][11][12], and is considered to be the active form of ghrelin [11,[35][36][37]. Actually, several components of rikkunshito demonstrate inhibitory activity against ghrelin desacylating enzymes [38]. In addition, 10-gingerol, a component of rikkunshito, * † a b Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of rikkunshito, a Japanese herbal medicine, on gastrointestinal symptoms and ghrelin levels in gastric cancer patients after gastrectomy

et al. 2012

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Background Gastric cancer patients who undergo gastrectomy suffer from a post-gastrectomy syndrome that includes weight loss, dumping syndrome, reflux esophagitis, alkaline gastritis, and finally malnutrition. It is important to ameliorate the post-gastrectomy symptoms to restore postoperative quality of life (QoL). The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of rikkunshito, a Japanese herbal medicine, on postoperative symptoms and ghrelin levels in gastric cancer patients after gastrectomy. Methods Twenty-five patients who had undergone gastrectomy received 2.5 g of rikkunshito before every meal for 4 weeks, and a drug withdrawal period was established for the next 4 weeks. Changes in gastrointestinal hormones, including ghrelin, and appetite visual analog scale scores were measured, and QoL was estimated by using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer core questionnaire QLQ-C30. The Dysfunction After Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery for Cancer (DAUGS) scoring system was used to evaluate gastrointestinal symptoms after gastrectomy. Results Sixteen men and nine women (mean age 61.9 years) were enrolled in the study. All patients had either stage I (n = 24) or II (n = 1) disease and had undergone either distal gastrectomy (n = 17) or total gastrectomy (n = 8) by a laparoscopy-assisted approach. The mean ratio of the acyl-/total ghrelin concentration increased significantly after rikkunshito administration (Pre: 7.8 ± 2.1, 4 weeks: 10.5 ± 1.7 %, p = 0.0026). The total DAUGS score, as well as the scores reflecting limited activity due to decreased food consumption, reflux symptoms, dumping symptoms, and nausea and vomiting significantly improved after rikkunshito administration. Conclusions The present study demonstrated a significant attenuation of gastrointestinal symptoms after gastrectomy by treatment with rikkunshito. Rikkunshito is potentially useful to minimize gastrointestinal symptoms after gastrectomy.

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“…A recent study suggested that the active component, i.e. 10-gingerol in ginger, accounts for the promotion of gastric emptying and accommodation induced by RKT [8]. Studies have shown that RKT inhibits the 5-HT2 and 3 receptors in the myenteric plexus [9,10] and induces ghrelin secretion, which further stimulates the hypothalamus [11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Herb Extract Rikkunshi-To Ameliorates Gastroparesis in Parkinson's Disease: A Pilot Study

Doi¹,

Sakakibara

Sato

et al. 2014

Eur Neurol

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Objective: To perform an open trial on the effects of the extract of the dietary herb Rikkunshi-to (RKT) on gastroparesis in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients, using objective parameters given by the ¹³C-sodium acetate expiration breath test (gastric emptying study). Methods: Twenty patients with PD were enrolled into this study. Eleven patients were male and 9 were female, with the following characteristics (mean ± SD): age, 69.4 ± 8.17 years; disease duration, 4.34 ± 4.03 years; modified Hoehn and Yahr stage, 2.37 ± 0.98, and Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale Part 3 motor score, 16.6 ± 7.37. Fourteen patients came to the clinic due to constipation; 16 patients were taking 288 ± 72 mg/day levodopa/carbidopa, 2 were taking dopamine agonists, and the others were not treated yet. All patients underwent the breath test. Statistical analysis was performed using Student's t test. Results: RKT was well tolerated by all patients and none experienced abdominal pain or other adverse effects, except for its bitter taste. RKT significantly reduced the peak time of the ¹³C-dose-excess curve (p < 0.05). Conclusion: In this pilot trial, we found a significant shortening of the gastric emptying time after administration of the dietary herb extract RKT in PD patients. Further studies examining both gastric emptying and delayed-on in PD are warranted.

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10-Gingerol, a component of rikkunshito, improves cisplatin-induced anorexia by inhibiting acylated ghrelin degradation

Cited by 58 publications

References 14 publications

Administration of exogenous acylated ghrelin or rikkunshito, an endogenous ghrelin enhancer, improves the decrease in postprandial gastric motility in an acute restraint stress mouse model

Administration of exogenous acylated ghrelin or rikkunshito, an endogenous ghrelin enhancer, improves the decrease in postprandial gastric motility in an acute restraint stress mouse model

Effect of rikkunshito, a Japanese herbal medicine, on gastrointestinal symptoms and ghrelin levels in gastric cancer patients after gastrectomy

Dietary Herb Extract Rikkunshi-To Ameliorates Gastroparesis in Parkinson's Disease: A Pilot Study

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