10 Energy budget at the earth's surface (Part 2/2)

Ohmura, Atsumu; Raschke, E.

doi:10.1007/10730550_26

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Information from direct observations at the surface as provided by GEBA is therefore particularly valuable to constrain these fluxes. A first estimation of the geographical distribution of the individual surface energy balance components based on direct observations from GEBA was performed by Ohmura and Gilgen (1993) and updated in Ohmura and Raschke (2005). Wild et al (1998b) used a combination of GEBA data and respective biases of a climate model to infer the magnitudes of the global mean energy balance components.…”

Section: Estimation Of the Global Energy Balancementioning

confidence: 99%

The Global Energy Balance Archive (GEBA) version 2017: a database for worldwide measured surface energy fluxes

Wild

Ohmura

Schär

et al. 2017

Earth Syst. Sci. Data

111

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Abstract. The Global Energy Balance Archive (GEBA) is a database for the central storage of the worldwide measured energy fluxes at the Earth's surface, maintained at ETH Zurich (Switzerland). This paper documents the status of the GEBA version 2017 dataset, presents the new web interface and user access, and reviews the scientific impact that GEBA data had in various applications. GEBA has continuously been expanded and updated and contains in its 2017 version around 500 000 monthly mean entries of various surface energy balance components measured at 2500 locations. The database contains observations from 15 surface energy flux components, with the most widely measured quantity available in GEBA being the shortwave radiation incident at the Earth's surface (global radiation). Many of the historic records extend over several decades. GEBA contains monthly data from a variety of sources, namely from the World Radiation Data Centre (WRDC) in St. Petersburg, from national weather services, from different research networks (BSRN, ARM, SURFRAD), from peer-reviewed publications, project and data reports, and from personal communications. Quality checks are applied to test for gross errors in the dataset. GEBA has played a key role in various research applications, such as in the quantification of the global energy balance, in the discussion of the anomalous atmospheric shortwave absorption, and in the detection of multi-decadal variations in global radiation, known as "global dimming" and "brightening". GEBA is further extensively used for the evaluation of climate models and satellite-derived surface flux products. On a more applied level, GEBA provides the basis for engineering applications in the context of solar power generation, water management, agricultural production and tourism. GEBA is publicly accessible through the internet via http://www.geba.ethz.ch. Supplementary data are available at https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.873078.

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Section: Estimation Of the Global Energy Balancementioning

confidence: 99%

The Global Energy Balance Archive (GEBA) version 2017: a database for worldwide measured surface energy fluxes

Wild

Ohmura

Schär

et al. 2017

Earth Syst. Sci. Data

111

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Several years later during the Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project (AMIP II for IPCC AR4) it became possible to compare annual mean global solar irradiance at the surface from 20 participating GCMs against 760 sites for which GEBA possessed data of good quality ). The mean performance of the GCMs was an overestimation by 9 W m -2 , with a range from underestimation by 9 W m -2 (MRI) to overestimation by 31 W m -2 (COLA) (Wild, 2005 (Ohmura and Raschke 2005;Wild et al 2013). The models still overestimate solar irradiance at the surface, although the degree of the overestimation has been considerably reduced over the last 20 years.…”

Section: -1964mentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The present section is dedicated to the annual mean surface fluxes produced in the control run of ECHAM4/T106 experiments that came closest to the observed fluxes stored in GEBA. For those interested in more detailed information, such as the seasonal fluxes, it is recommended to refer to Ohmura and Raschke (2005). Figure 4a illustrates the distribution of annual global radiation, which resembles very closely Budyko (1980).…”

Section: Energy Exchange On the Earth's Surfacementioning

confidence: 99%

The Development and the Present Status of Energy Balance Climatology

Ohmura

2014

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

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Energy balance climatology emerged from the 19th century thermodynamics and radiation research. Energy balance consideration offered an attractive intellectual ground to apply the conservation principle to a natural process. The climate system was often compared to the processes in a steam engine. Research into this field started with insufficient theory of radiation and turbulence, primitive instruments, and limited observational data. In the course of the last 150 years, energy balance climatology gradually gathered advanced theories, continuously improved instruments, newly acquired observation platforms, such as space, and high performance computational capability. In the present article, the processes of climate formation are examined by going back to the principle of energy conservation. Further, the development of this branch of science is presented in five stages characterized by similar stages of theoretical and technical progress. This review visits important steps in the course of these developments and examines their value in reaching the present stage of knowledge. Although the achievements of the last 150 years are impressive, the present understanding of energy balance is far from sufficient. The main problem stems from the fact that the scientific community has not fully used the outcome of laboratory experiments and precision field observations. As high-quality observations are presently being made throughout the entire world, a new and improved knowledge of energy balance will become available in the near future.

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“…Below briefly describes the five-layer slab thermal diffusion scheme based on [1], [33]- [35]. The surface energy balance is usually defined with respect to an active layer of infinitesimal small thickness.…”

Section: Lsms and Five-layer Thermal Diffusion Schemementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The surface energy balance is usually defined with respect to an active layer of infinitesimal small thickness. In this case, the storage of energy in the layer can be neglected and the energy balance equation takes the form [33], [34] …”

Section: Lsms and Five-layer Thermal Diffusion Schemementioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient Parallel GPU Design on WRF Five-Layer Thermal Diffusion Scheme

Huang

Chang

et al. 2015

IEEE J. Sel. Top. Appl. Earth Observations Remote Sensing

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Satellite remote-sensing observations and groundbased radar can detect the weather conditions from a distance and are widely used to monitor the weather all around the globe. The assimilated satellite/radar data are passed through the weather models for weather forecasting. The five-layer thermal diffusion scheme is one of the weather models, handling with an energy budget made up of sensible, latent, and radiative heat fluxes. The model feature of no interactions among horizontal grid points makes this scheme very favorable for parallel processing. This study demonstrates implementation of this scheme using graphics processing unit (GPU) massively parallel architecture. By employing one NVIDIA Tesla K40 GPU, our GPU optimization effort on this scheme achieves a speedup of 311× with respect to its CPU counterpart Fortran code running on one CPU core of Intel Xeon E5-2603, whereas the speedup for one CPU socket (four cores) with respect to one CPU core is only 3.1×. We can even boost the speedup of this scheme to 398× with respect to one CPU core when two NVIDIA Tesla K40 GPUs are applied.Index Terms-Compute unified device architecture (CUDA), five-layer thermal diffusion, graphics processing unit (GPU), heat flux, radiation.

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10 Energy budget at the earth's surface (Part 2/2)

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

The Global Energy Balance Archive (GEBA) version 2017: a database for worldwide measured surface energy fluxes

The Global Energy Balance Archive (GEBA) version 2017: a database for worldwide measured surface energy fluxes

The Development and the Present Status of Energy Balance Climatology

Efficient Parallel GPU Design on WRF Five-Layer Thermal Diffusion Scheme

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