10.1007/s10438-008-1002-6

doi:10.1007/s10438-008-1002-6

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 30 publications

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“…A successful composting process depends primarily on the adequate control of variables such as temperature, moisture content, aeration, pH, carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratio, and feedstock mixtures (Gao et al 2010). The optimum conditions of the compost pile include temperature 55-60 °C (during the thermophilic stage), moisture content in the mixture 40-60%, pH 5.0-8.0, and initial C/N ratios between 20 and 40 (Neklyudov et al 2008). However, Vochozka et al (2017) mention that international technical standards require a C/N range of 20-30.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of different initial C/N ratio of cow manure and straw on microbial quality of compost

Macias-Corral

Cueto-Wong

Morán-Martínez

et al. 2019

Int J Recycl Org Waste Agricult

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Purpose The effect of different initial carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratios on the prevalence of Salmonella spp., fecal coliforms and helminth eggs over composts produced from several mixtures of maize straw (S) and dairy manure (M) was investigated. Methods Four C/N ratios (21, 22, 27, and 38) were evaluated, including one with manure only (C/N 21). The composting process was performed under field conditions in northern Mexico. Results The process lasted 51 days; Salmonella spp. was reduced 1-2 log (> 94%) in most treatments, except for the C/N ratio of 27 which achieved < 1 log reduction (about 35%). Fecal coliforms elimination was 3-4 log (> 99%) in all treatments while helminth eggs achieved < 1 log (72-87%, depending on treatment). In this study, the mixture with initial C/N ratio of 22 (25% S + 75% M), which had the lowest amount of straw, resulted in the highest elimination of Salmonella spp., fecal coliforms, and helminth eggs. This mix complied with current Mexican sanitary regulations for compost use. The composts produced from the other C/N ratios complied only with the limits for one or two of the microorganisms that were analyzed. Conclusions The initial C/N ratios in compost from straw and manure influences microbial reduction. The final C/N of the mixes ranged from 14 to 16, indicative of stable compost. Compared to fecal coliforms, Salmonella spp. and helminth eggs were more resilient.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of different initial C/N ratio of cow manure and straw on microbial quality of compost

Macias-Corral

Cueto-Wong

Morán-Martínez

et al. 2019

Int J Recycl Org Waste Agricult

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Thermophilic bacteria and their thermozymes in composting processes: a review

Finore¹,

Feola

Russo³

et al. 2023

Chem. Biol. Technol. Agric.

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In this review, the composting process of organic waste is discussed through an in-depth exploring of its thermophilic phase. It starts with the highlight on the thermodynamic evolution, which needs to be assessed when deciding to use reactors for composting, also in the context of energy generation. The composting process is mediated by different types of microorganisms, and the bacteria that play key roles are evaluated. The roles of the genera Bacillus and Thermus are considered, often described as the main components of the microbiota of compost. Due to their adaptation to the composting processes, they are candidates for technological purposes. Subsequentially, the focus is moved on the thermostable enzymes that can be isolated from them and their succession during the composting processes. Experimental examples of enzyme-related literature are reviewed, for example investigating proteases and ureases, which are found at the beginning of the process. In addition, cellulases, hemicellulases, lignin-modifying enzymes, and esterases have been described for their activities during the thermophilic phase, giving them great potential for biotechnological and industrial applications. Following, the composition of the microbial community is analyzed through the description of approaches of metagenomics. Despite it being a relatively new but fast-growing field within biology, it is intended to be a priority analysis to acquire knowledge on genomes of environmental microorganisms and communities. Finally, a space is dedicated to the description of the composting plant which treats olive oil wastes within the LIFE TIRSAV PLUS project (LIFE05 ENV/IT/00845). Through two plant solutions, being the Dynamic and the Static Composting, it provides a high-quality compost with an effective, flexible and economical process. Graphical Abstract

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10.1007/s10438-008-1002-6

Cited by 2 publications

References 30 publications

Effect of different initial C/N ratio of cow manure and straw on microbial quality of compost

Effect of different initial C/N ratio of cow manure and straw on microbial quality of compost

Thermophilic bacteria and their thermozymes in composting processes: a review

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