1‐<sup>13</sup>C‐Octanoate Oxidation, Energy Expenditure and Vitamin B<sub>2</sub> Supplement in Premature Infants

Patterson, B. E.; Bates, Christopher J.; Halliday, D.; Lucas, Alan

doi:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1989.tb11144.x

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Because renal elimination of metabolites, other than free riboflavin, occurs only in minor amounts (28), the arteriovenous concentration gradient should be produced predominantly by tissue uptake and not by renal elimination. As indicated above, sufficient coenzyme saturation of FAD-dependent enzymes with their cofactors was observed in preterm as well as in full-term infants (6,19,20). This also suggests successful utilization.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

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Intrauterine Vitamin B2 Uptake of Preterm and Full-Term Infants

Zempleni¹,

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Bitsch³

1995

Pediatr Res

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Intrauterine uptake of vitamin B, in preterm and full-term infants was examined. Factors of influence on vitamin supply were considered. Forty-four women and their infants were included in the study. Fetal vitamin uptake was calculated as arteriovenous concentration gradient in cord plasma times umbilical plasma flow. Concentration of vitamin B, (free riboflavin and flavocoenzymes) was determined by high performance liquid chromatography of placental tissue and blood plasma (maternal vein, umbilical artery, umbilical vein). Flavocoenzymes were analyzed as flavin mononucleotide after acid hydrolysis of flavin adenine dinucleotide. Umbilical plasma flow was measured using pulsed Doppler sonography. Both free riboflavin and flavocoenzymes were transferred from the maternal plasma to the umbilical vein, but only free riboflavin was accumulated (-1:4 for preterm and full-term infants, respectively). Flavocoenzyme concentration was higher in the umbilical vein than in the umbilical artery (p < 0.05). This indicated a median uptake of flavocoenzymes of 1.5 nmol/miwkg in preterm infants and 0.4 nmoll miwkg in full-term infants (preterm versus full-term, p < 0.01). Arteriovenous concentration differences in umbilical blood have been reported for a variety of nutrients, e.g. amino acids or glucose (1, 2). In general, concentrations of these nutrients have been found to be more elevated in plasma from the umbilical vein than the umbilical artery. Such differences suggest a fetal uptake of nutrients (Fig. 1); however, they do not allow any quantitative assessment. To be able to quantify fetal uptake, it is not only necessary to determine arteriovenous gradients, but also plasma flow in cord vessels (4). (8,9). In such instances a reduced transplacental transfer is expected to occur (10). The placenta's role is threefold: to sequester free riboflavin and flavocoenzymes, to hydrolyze the majority of the flavocoenzymes to yield free riboflavin, and to release both free riboflavin and its coenzyme forms into fetal circulation (5, 11).The build-up of a riboflavin concentration gradient was also

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…The lower vitamin uptake observed in full-term infants seems to remain without functional consequence. Correspondingly, coenzyme saturation of FAD-dependent enzymes such as glutathione reductase or acyl-CoA dehydrogenase was described to be sufficient for preterm and full-term infants, respectively (6,19,20).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intrauterine Vitamin B2 Uptake of Preterm and Full-Term Infants

Zempleni¹,

Link

Bitsch³

1995

Pediatr Res

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Riboflavin in Development and Cell Fate

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Corfe

Nakano

2011

Subcellular Biochemistry

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Riboflavin (7,8-dimethyl-10-ribitylisoalloxazine; vitamin B2) is a water-soluble vitamin, cofactor derivatives of which (FAD, FMN) act as electron acceptors in the oxidative metabolism of carbohydrate, amino acids and fatty acids and which in the reduced state can donate electrons to complex II of the electron transport chain. This means that riboflavin is essential for energy generation in the aerobic cell, through oxidative phosphorylation. The classic effects of riboflavin deficiency on growth and development have generally been explained in terms of these functions. However, research also suggests that riboflavin may have specific functions associated with cell fate determination, which would have implications for growth and development. In particular, riboflavin depletion interferes with the normal progression of the cell cycle, probably through effects on the expression of regulatory genes, exerted at both the transcriptional and proteomic level.

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