1. Overview of This Book

Fleming, Theodore H.; Dávalos, Liliana M.; Mello, Marco A. R.

doi:10.7208/chicago/9780226696263.003.0001

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…We analyzed the influence of niche evolution and dispersal limitation on the distribution of species diversity of Phyllostomidae, a species‐rich and ecological diverse family of bats. Phyllostomid bats are predominantly distributed in the Neotropics, from California to northern Argentina and Chile (Fleming et al 2020). The family has 222 known species (Simmons and Cirranello 2020), displaying a large array of dietary and morphological specializations to feed on fruits, nectar, and other parts of plants, as well as on insects, vertebrates, and blood (Monteiro and Nogueira 2011, Baker et al 2012, Rossoni et al 2019, Fleming et al 2020).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Phyllostomid bats are predominantly distributed in the Neotropics, from California to northern Argentina and Chile (Fleming et al 2020). The family has 222 known species (Simmons and Cirranello 2020), displaying a large array of dietary and morphological specializations to feed on fruits, nectar, and other parts of plants, as well as on insects, vertebrates, and blood (Monteiro and Nogueira 2011, Baker et al 2012, Rossoni et al 2019, Fleming et al 2020). The remarkable diversity of their ecological features mirrors a strong latitudinal and environmental gradient of species richness (Villalobos and Arita 2010, Pereira and Palmeirim 2013), which makes this family particularly appropriate for our purpose.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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There and back to the present: a model‐based framework to estimate phylogenetically constrained alpha diversity gradients

Duarte,

Nakamura,

Debastiani

et al. 2023

Ecography

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The imprint left by niche evolution on the variation of biological diversity across spatial and environmental gradients is still debated among ecologists. Furthermore, understanding to what extent dispersal limitation may reinforce or blur such imprint is still a gap in the ecological knowledge. In this article we introduce a simulation approach coupled to approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) that parameterizes both the adaptation rate of species' niche positions over the evolution of a monophyletic lineage and the intensity of dispersal limitation associated with the variation of species alpha diversity among assemblages distributed across spatial and environmental gradients. The analytical tool was implemented in the R package 'mcfly' (www.r‐project.org). We evaluated the statistical performance of the analytical framework using simulated datasets, which confirmed the suitability of the analysis to estimate adaptation rate parameter but showed to be less precise in relation to the dispersal limitation parameter. Also, we found that increased dispersal limitation levels improved the parameterization of the adaptation rate of species' niche positions in simulated datasets. Further, we evaluated the role played by niche evolution and dispersal limitation on species alpha diversity variation of Phyllostomidae bats across the Neotropics. The framework proposed here shed light on the links between niche evolution, dispersal limitation and gradients of biological diversity, and thereby improved our understanding of evolutionary imprints on current biological diversity patterns.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

There and back to the present: a model‐based framework to estimate phylogenetically constrained alpha diversity gradients

Duarte,

Nakamura,

Debastiani

et al. 2023

Ecography

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show abstract

“…Artibeus jamaicensis is one of the most common Neotropical mammals and a model species in mammalian research ( Larsen et al 2007 ) including work on bat immunology ( Cabrera-Romo et al 2014 ; Munster et al 2016 ; David et al 2022 ). It is a member of the family Phyllostomidae, arguably the most ecologically diverse lineage of living mammals ( Fleming et al 2020 ). Pteronotus mesoamericanus is a representative of the family Mormoopidae, the less well-studied sister group of the species-rich phyllostomids to which A .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Read Sequencing Reveals Rapid Evolution of Immunity- and Cancer-Related Genes in Bats

Scheben,

Mendivil Ramos,

Kramer

et al. 2023

Genome Biology and Evolution

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Bats are exceptional among mammals for their powered flight, extended lifespans, and robust immune systems and therefore have been of particular interest in comparative genomics. Using the Oxford Nanopore Technologies long-read platform, we sequenced the genomes of two bat species with key phylogenetic positions, the Jamaican fruit bat (Artibeus jamaicensis) and the Mesoamerican mustached bat (Pteronotus mesoamericanus), and carried out a comprehensive comparative genomic analysis with a diverse collection of bats and other mammals. The high-quality, long-read genome assemblies revealed a contraction of interferon (IFN)-α at the immunity-related type I IFN locus in bats, resulting in a shift in relative IFN-ω and IFN-α copy numbers. Contradicting previous hypotheses of constitutive expression of IFN-α being a feature of the bat immune system, three bat species lost all IFN-α genes. This shift to IFN-ω could contribute to the increased viral tolerance that has made bats a common reservoir for viruses that can be transmitted to humans. Antiviral genes stimulated by type I IFNs also showed evidence of rapid evolution, including a lineage-specific duplication of IFN-induced transmembrane genes and positive selection in IFIT2. In addition, 33 tumor suppressors and 6 DNA-repair genes showed signs of positive selection, perhaps contributing to increased longevity and reduced cancer rates in bats. The robust immune systems of bats rely on both bat-wide and lineage-specific evolution in the immune gene repertoire, suggesting diverse immune strategies. Our study provides new genomic resources for bats and sheds new light on the extraordinary molecular evolution in this critically important group of mammals.

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1. Overview of This Book

Cited by 2 publications

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There and back to the present: a model‐based framework to estimate phylogenetically constrained alpha diversity gradients

There and back to the present: a model‐based framework to estimate phylogenetically constrained alpha diversity gradients

Long-Read Sequencing Reveals Rapid Evolution of Immunity- and Cancer-Related Genes in Bats

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