1/f noise under drift and thermal agitation in semiconductor materials

Grüneis, Ferdinand

doi:10.1016/j.physa.2022.126917

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 26 publications

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“…The laser used in the system is the ICL (λon laser, NP-ICL-3236-T066-HC, Germany nanoplus company; λoff laser, NP-ICL-3187-T066-HC, nanoplus), it is a laser based on the principle of semiconductor devices. Because there is a 1/f noise in semiconductor lasers, which is due to the defects of semiconductor materials and the non-uniformity in the materials, its characteristic is that the noise power spectrum density increases with the decrease of frequency, and the noise power is inversely proportional to the frequency [20][21][22]. The selection of an appropriate power-modulation IPDA lidar wavenumber is also an important factor affecting the accuracy of concentration retrieval.…”

Section: Power-modulation Ipda Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of power-modulation mid-infrared integrated-path differential absorption lidar for probing benzene concentration

Liu

Duan

et al. 2023

First International Conference on Spatial Atmospheric Marine Environmental Optics (SAME 2023)

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Aiming at the detection of benzene concentration in the atmosphere, a power-modulation scheme with laser wavenumber tuning is proposed in mid-infrared integrated-path differential absorption (IPDA) lidar. Based on the differential absorption lidar (DIAL) theory, we design the configuration of power-modulation IPDA lidar. Its central measurement and reference wavenumber are selected as 3090.3cm -1 and 3137.7cm -1 , and the power-modulation scheme of IPDA lidar is proposed through interband cascade laser (ICL) current-driving characteristic. The simulation model of power-modulation mid-infrared IPDA lidar is constructed, and then its theoretical analysis is carried out. Furthermore, the retrieval algorithm for benzene concentration is presented, and then the concentration precision as 1/f noise with different frequencies is analyzed with FFT retrievals of 1000. The detection performance of lidar such as signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and relative error for path length and visibility is compared between direct current (DC) driving and altering current (AC) driving, i.e. power-modulation scheme. The results show that the uncertainty of concentration is consistent with the effect of 1/f noise, that the SNR increases with the increase of visibility or the decrease of path length and the relative error decreases with the increase of visibility or the decrease of path length, and that the SNR will increase with the increase in frequency, and the relative error will decrease under the same path length and visibility. Therefore, the power-modulation mid-infrared IPDA lidar can be more effective for probing benzene concentration.

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Section: Power-modulation Ipda Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of power-modulation mid-infrared integrated-path differential absorption lidar for probing benzene concentration

Liu

Duan

et al. 2023

First International Conference on Spatial Atmospheric Marine Environmental Optics (SAME 2023)

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A 3.2-μm Wavelength Integrated Path Differential Absorption Lidar for Probing Open-Path Benzene Gas

Liu,

Li,

Wang

et al. 2024

IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.

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Power-modulated integrated path differential absorption lidar for probing benzene concentration

Liu,

Li,

Wang

et al. 2024

Appl. Opt.

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Aimed at the regional open-path detection of benzene (C6H6) in the atmosphere, a power-modulated integrated path differential absorption (PM-IPDA) lidar is introduced and demonstrated. Two tunable interband cascade lasers (ICLs) with about 3.2 µm wavelength are utilized to generate the required PM optical signal. These two operation central wavelengths (CWs) of the PM-IPDA lidar are, respectively, 3236.6 and 3187.1 nm, which can mitigate the influence of significant gases such as H2O, CH4, and HCl on the detection performance. In this work, the fast Fourier transform algorithm is used to retrieve the measured values with the time resolution of 0.1 s corresponding to 104 sampling bins at the sampling rate of 100 kSps/s. The modulated frequency of the PM-IPDA lidar is selected as 10 kHz by laboratory experiments. The slow fluctuation characteristic of the benzene absorption spectrum within the vicinity region of 3.2 µm reduces the impact of small wavelength fluctuations on the performance of PM-IPDA lidar, although a scheme modulated only the driving current causes wavelength fluctuations of ∼±0.2nm. These laboratory experiments also indicate the PM-IPDA lidar can reduce the error resulting from 1/f noise. Open-path observation experiments show that the detection limit is about 0.60mg⋅m−3 and that the PM-IPDA lidar can be used for the regional open-path real-time detection of benzene.

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1/f noise under drift and thermal agitation in semiconductor materials

Cited by 3 publications

References 26 publications

Simulation of power-modulation mid-infrared integrated-path differential absorption lidar for probing benzene concentration

Simulation of power-modulation mid-infrared integrated-path differential absorption lidar for probing benzene concentration

A 3.2-μm Wavelength Integrated Path Differential Absorption Lidar for Probing Open-Path Benzene Gas

Power-modulated integrated path differential absorption lidar for probing benzene concentration

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