1/f Noise in a nonequilibrium phase transition: Experiment and mathematical model

Arc current fluctuation power spectra in the system of a solid metal electrode and carbonate melt

“…A feature of 1/f fluctuations is their scale invariance. Attempts have been undertaken to explain the mechanism of generation of scale-invariant fluctuations invoking the self-organized criticality concept [2], which is used to describe complex systems with developed fluctuations.Investigation of random processes in thermal-physics systems has shown that fluctuations with 1/f spectra can result from interaction of various nonequilibrium phase transitions under flat noise conditions [3]. In this case, the fluctuations are characterized by a time-independent self-similar frequency distribution.…”

“…Investigation of random processes in thermal-physics systems has shown that fluctuations with 1/f spectra can result from interaction of various nonequilibrium phase transitions under flat noise conditions [3]. In this case, the fluctuations are characterized by a time-independent self-similar frequency distribution.…”

Water flow rate pulsations with a flicker power spectrum in a commercial sodium steam generator

“…An example is the concept of self-organized criticality [5], which exhibits a spectrum of the form 1/ƒ α (α 1.4) and a power-law distribution of fluctuations. The exact inverse proportionality to the frequency (α = 1) is observed for the spectrum of voltage fluctuations when an electric current flows through a resistor [2] and when equilibrium phase transitions interact in heat and mass transfer processes [6][7][8]. A spectrum with a power limit on the low-frequency side corresponds to stable heat and mass transfer processes.…”

“…The experimental results made it possible to identify for the first time an isolated fluctuation source with a 1/ƒ spectrum and act on the kinetics of the source in a planned, experimental manner. This made it possible not only to formulate a new and innovative model [6][7][8], according to which flicker noise arises as a result of the simultaneous flow and interaction of nonequilibrium phase transitions in the presence of white noise, but also to predict the possibility of discovering 1/ƒ fluctuations experimentally in other processes with nonequilibrium phase transitions.…”

“…An experimental study of the dynamics of heat-transfer fluctuations in critical and transient regimes shows that such a situation is not always observed in the variation of the low-frequency asymptotic behavior of the spectra. In critical regimes of heat transfer, 1/ƒ noise was first experimentally observed at the Institute of Thermal Physics of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences during an experimental study of the change in the regimes of nitrogen boiling on the surface of thin films of high-temperature superconductors under Joule heating [6]. The experimental results made it possible to identify for the first time an isolated fluctuation source with a 1/ƒ spectrum and act on the kinetics of the source in a planned, experimental manner.…”