1,1,1,3,3,-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc): atmospheric degradation and contribution to radiative forcing

Barry, John P.; Locke, G.; Scollard, Donncha J.P.; Sidebottom, Howard; Treacy, Jack; Clerbaux, Cathy; Colin, Réginald; Franklin, James A.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4601(1997)29:8<607::aid-kin6>3.0.co;2-y

Cited by 14 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…A range of 0.21–0.23 W m −2 ppb −1 (mean: 0.22 W m −2 ppb −1 ) is available from literature estimations of the RE of HFC‐365mfc [ Barry et al ., ; Inoue et al ., ; Naik et al ., ]. AR4 adopted the value of 0.21 W m −2 ppb −1 from Barry et al .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Global warming potentials and radiative efficiencies of halocarbons and related compounds: A comprehensive review

Hodnebrog

Etminan

Fuglestvedt

et al. 2013

Reviews of Geophysics

421

441

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[1] In the mid-1970s, it was recognized that chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) were strong greenhouse gases that could have substantial impacts on radiative forcing of climate change, as well as being substances that deplete stratospheric ozone. Around a decade later, this group of radiatively active compounds was expanded to include a large number of replacements for ozone-depleting substances such as chlorocarbons, hydrochlorocarbons, hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), bromofluorocarbons, and bromochlorofluorocarbons. This paper systematically reviews the published literature concerning the radiative efficiencies (REs) of CFCs, bromofluorocarbons and bromochlorofluorocarbons (halons), HCFCs, HFCs, PFCs, sulfur hexafluoride, nitrogen trifluoride, and related halogen containing compounds. In addition, we provide a comprehensive and self-consistent set of new calculations of REs and global warming potentials (GWPs) for these compounds, mostly employing atmospheric lifetimes taken from the available literature. We also present global temperature change potentials for selected gases. Infrared absorption spectra used in the RE calculations were taken from databases and individual studies and from experimental and ab initio computational studies. Evaluations of REs and GWPs are presented for more than 200 compounds. Our calculations yield REs significantly (> 5%) different from those in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) for 49 compounds. We present new RE values for more than 100 gases which were not included in AR4. A widely used simple method to calculate REs and GWPs from absorption spectra and atmospheric lifetimes is assessed and updated. This is the most comprehensive review of the radiative efficiencies and global warming potentials of halogenated compounds performed to date.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…AR4 adopted the value of 0.21 W m −2 ppb −1 from Barry et al . [], while WMO [] used an average of the results from Barry et al . [] and the more recent study of Inoue et al .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global warming potentials and radiative efficiencies of halocarbons and related compounds: A comprehensive review

Hodnebrog

Etminan

Fuglestvedt

et al. 2013

Reviews of Geophysics

421

441

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“…The subsequent atmospheric chemistry of CC13CHO is believed to be dominated by photolysis and reaction with OH radicals. The atmospheric lifetime of CC13-CHO with respect to reaction with OH is 290 h. 39 The atmospheric lifetime of CC13CHO with respect to photolysis is estimated to be of the order of a few hours. 39 The atmospheric degradation of CC13CH3 in the lower atmosphere gives products which are short lived and incapable of transporting significant amounts of chlorine to the stratosphere.…”

Section: Implications For Atmospheric Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric Chemistry of 1,1,1-Trichloroethane: UV Spectra and Self-Reaction Kinetics of CCl3CH2 and CCl3CH2O2 Radicals, Kinetics of the Reactions of the CCl3CH2O2 Radical with NO and NO2, and the Fate of the Alkoxy Radical CCl3CH2O

Platz¹,

Nielsen²,

Sehested³

et al. 1995

J. Phys. Chem.

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“…Using the first atmospheric observations at Jungfraujoch (Switzerland) and Mace Head (Ireland) Stemmler et al [2007] estimated European emissions of HFC‐365mfc at ∼1 kt yr −1 for 2003 and 2004. Its atmospheric lifetime of 8.7 years is mainly a consequence of its removal through reaction with OH [ Mellouki et al , 1995; Barry et al , 1997; S. P. Sander et al, Chemical kinetics and photochemical data for use in atmospheric studies, evaluation number 17 of the NASA panel for data evaluation, manuscript in preparation, 2011]; see Table 1. Its GWP on a 100 year time frame is estimated at 790–997 [ Barry et al , 1997; Inoue et al , 2008].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…HFC‐236fa (CF 3 CH 2 CF 3 , 1,1,1,3,3,3‐hexafluoropropane) is used as a fire retardant [ UNEP Technology and Economic Assessment Panel , 2010] and as a coolant in specialized applications [ Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change , 2005]. With an atmospheric lifetime of 242 years (Table 1 and Hsu and DeMore [1995], Gierczak et al [1996], and Barry et al [1997]) this compound is the second longest‐lived HFC (after HFC‐23, CHF 3 [ Naik et al , 2000]). With a value of 9810, HFC‐236fa has the largest GWP on a 100 year time frame of all the four HFCs discussed here [ Forster et al , 2007].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric histories and global emissions of the anthropogenic hydrofluorocarbons HFC-365mfc, HFC-245fa, HFC-227ea, and HFC-236fa

et al. 2011

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-hexafluoropropane). In situ measurements are from the global monitoring sites of the Advanced Global Atmospheric Gases Experiment (AGAGE), the System for Observations of Halogenated Greenhouse Gases in Europe (SOGE), and Gosan (South Korea). We include the first halocarbon flask sample measurements from the Antarctic research stations King Sejong and Troll. We also present measurements of archived air samples from both hemispheres back to the 1970s. We use a two-dimensional atmospheric transport model to simulate global atmospheric abundances and to estimate global emissions. HFC-365mfc and HFC-245fa first appeared in the atmosphere only ∼1 decade ago; they have grown rapidly to globally averaged dry air mole fractions of 0.53 ppt (in parts per trillion, 10 −12 ) and 1.1 ppt, respectively, by the end of 2010. In contrast, HFC-227ea first appeared in the global atmosphere in the 1980s and has since grown to ∼0.58 ppt. We report the first measurements of HFC-236fa in the atmosphere. This long-lived compound was present in the atmosphere at only 0.074 ppt in 2010. All four substances exhibit yearly growth rates of >8% yr −1 at the end of 2010. We find rapidly increasing emissions for the foam-blowing compounds HFC-365mfc and HFC-245fa starting in ∼2002. After peaking in 2006 (HFC-365mfc: 3.2 kt yr −1 , HFC-245fa: 6.5 kt yr −1 ), emissions began to decline. Our results for these two compounds suggest that recent estimates from long-term projections (to the late 21st century) have strongly overestimated emissions for the early years of the projections (∼2005-2010). Global HFC-227ea and HFC-236fa emissions have grown to average values of 2.4 kt yr −1 and 0.18 kt yr −1 over the 2008-2010 period, respectively.

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1,1,1,3,3,-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc): atmospheric degradation and contribution to radiative forcing

Abstract: The rate constant for the reaction of the hydroxyl radical with 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc) has been determined over the temperature range 278 -323 K using a relative rate technique. The results provide a value of k(OH ϩ CF 3 CH 2

Cited by 14 publications

References 35 publications

Global warming potentials and radiative efficiencies of halocarbons and related compounds: A comprehensive review

Global warming potentials and radiative efficiencies of halocarbons and related compounds: A comprehensive review

Atmospheric Chemistry of 1,1,1-Trichloroethane: UV Spectra and Self-Reaction Kinetics of CCl3CH2 and CCl3CH2O2 Radicals, Kinetics of the Reactions of the CCl3CH2O2 Radical with NO and NO2, and the Fate of the Alkoxy Radical CCl3CH2O

Atmospheric histories and global emissions of the anthropogenic hydrofluorocarbons HFC-365mfc, HFC-245fa, HFC-227ea, and HFC-236fa

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