1.0 Scope and purpose

Taylor, Graham P.; Clayden, P; Dhar, J; Gandhi, K; Gilleece, Yvonne; Harding, K; Hay, P; Kennedy, J; Low-Beer, N; Lyall, H; Palfreeman, A; Tookey, P; Welch, S; Wilkins, E; Ruiter, Annemiek de

doi:10.1111/j.1468-1293.2012.01030_2.x

Cited by 15 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…In areas of low TB incidence or if there is high risk of HIV transmission, BCG vaccination should be postponed until an infant is confirmed as HIV negative. HIV‐exposed infants at low risk of HIV transmission (maternal VL < 50 copies/ml at or after 36 weeks of gestation) with high risk of TB exposure may receive BCG vaccination at birth, prior to definitive diagnosis/exclusion of HIV infection 22. The very low risk of HIV transmission with an undetectable maternal VL means that in these circumstances the risk of severe TB from not vaccinating is greater than the risk of HIV‐related BCG complications.…”

Section: Diagnosis Baseline Investigations and Pretreatment Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paediatric European Network for Treatment of AIDS (PENTA) guidelines for treatment of paediatric HIV‐1 infection 2015: optimizing health in preparation for adult life

et al. 2015

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The 2015 Paediatric European Network for Treatment of AIDS (PENTA) guidelines provide practical recommendations on the management of HIV‐1 infection in children in Europe and are an update to those published in 2009. Aims of treatment have progressed significantly over the last decade, moving far beyond limitation of short‐term morbidity and mortality to optimizing health status for adult life and minimizing the impact of chronic HIV infection on immune system development and health in general. Additionally, there is a greater need for increased awareness and minimization of long‐term drug toxicity. The main updates to the previous guidelines include: an increase in the number of indications for antiretroviral therapy (ART) at all ages (higher CD4 thresholds for consideration of ART initiation and additional clinical indications), revised guidance on first‐ and second‐line ART recommendations, including more recently available drug classes, expanded guidance on management of coinfections (including tuberculosis, hepatitis B and hepatitis C) and additional emphasis on the needs of adolescents as they approach transition to adult services. There is a new section on the current ART ‘pipeline’ of drug development, a comprehensive summary table of currently recommended ART with dosing recommendations. Differences between PENTA and current US and World Health Organization guidelines are highlighted and explained.

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Section: Diagnosis Baseline Investigations and Pretreatment Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paediatric European Network for Treatment of AIDS (PENTA) guidelines for treatment of paediatric HIV‐1 infection 2015: optimizing health in preparation for adult life

et al. 2015

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“…We also identified 70 specific situations guidelines published between 2002 and 2014. Of these, 91% were from the USA,25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59 UK60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76 and Canada 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88. The remaining were from Australia,89 Brazil,90 Mexico,91 Poland,92 Spain93 and Uruguay 94…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antenatal care for healthy pregnant women: a mapping of interventions from existing guidelines to inform the development of new WHO guidance on antenatal care

Ábalos

Chamillard

Díaz

et al. 2015

BJOG

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BackgroundThe World Health Organization (WHO) is in the process of updating antenatal care (ANC) guidelines.ObjectivesTo map the existing clinical practice guidelines related to routine ANC for healthy women and to summarise all practices considered during routine ANC.Search strategyA systematic search in four databases for all clinical practice guidelines published after January 2000.Selection criteriaTwo researchers independently assessed the list of potentially eligible publications.Data collection and analysisInformation on scope of the guideline, type of practice, associated gestational age, recommendation type and the source of evidence were mapped.Main resultsOf 1866 references, we identified 85 guidelines focusing on the ANC period: 15 pertaining to routine ANC and 70 pertaining to specific situations. A total of 135 interventions from routine ANC guidelines were extracted, and categorised as clinical interventions (n = 80), screening/diagnostic procedures (n = 47) and health systems related (n = 8). Screening interventions, (syphilis, anaemia) were the most common practices. Within the 70 specific situation guidelines, 102 recommendations were identified. Overall, for 33 (out of 171) interventions there were conflicting recommendations provided by the different guidelines.ConclusionMapping the current guidelines including practices related to routine ANC informed the scoping phase for the WHO guideline for ANC. Our analysis indicates that guideline development processes may lead to different recommendations, due to context, evidence base or assessment of evidence. It would be useful for guideline developers to map and refer to other similar guidelines and, where relevant, explore the discrepancies in recommendations and others.Tweetable abstractWe identified existing ANC guidelines and mapped scope, practices, recommendations and source of evidence.

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Impact of earlier combination antiretroviral therapy on outcomes in children

Cotton

Rabie²

2015

Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS

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Purpose of review Early initiation of combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) in infants below 12 weeks of age reduces morbidity and mortality. A recent report of transient HIV remission in a child beginning ART from the second day of life has focused attention on very early therapy in the first days of life. Recent findings In the randomized children with HIV, early antiretroviral limited ART beginning at a median of 7.4 weeks of age lowered mortality and disease progression significantly compared with deferred ART beginning at a median of 21 weeks on study. In high-burden settings, infants initiating ART appear sicker than in children with HIV early antiretroviral and start at a later age. Many could be diagnosed on the first day of life. There are still programmatic obstacles to early diagnosis and initiation of ART in high-burden settings. There is growing but insufficient information on ART dosages in newborn infants. Summary There is now increased focus on initiating ART as postexposure prophylaxis in newborn infants at high risk of vertical transmission in the hope of limiting morbidity and dissemination of the virus.

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1.0 Scope and purpose

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

Paediatric European Network for Treatment of AIDS (PENTA) guidelines for treatment of paediatric HIV‐1 infection 2015: optimizing health in preparation for adult life

Paediatric European Network for Treatment of AIDS (PENTA) guidelines for treatment of paediatric HIV‐1 infection 2015: optimizing health in preparation for adult life

Antenatal care for healthy pregnant women: a mapping of interventions from existing guidelines to inform the development of new WHO guidance on antenatal care

Impact of earlier combination antiretroviral therapy on outcomes in children

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