05 - Structured Violence Risk Assessment in Youth

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: There are relatively limited studies exploring the relationship between elderly individuals' pension income and their sense of inferiority in countries with economic hardship or financial crisis. In specific, the characteristics of shame in elderly individuals is not usually taken into account and related to financial hardship or economic crisis. AIM: This study aimed at identifying the relationship between elderly individuals' pension income, and the sense of external and internal shame of pensioners. METHOD: The total sample included 476 pensioners with a mean age 70.11 (SD=14.22). The participants in the study completed a) the Other As Shamer Scale-OAS, b) the Experience of Shame Scale-ESS, and c) questionnaire on socio-demographic information and individuals' monthly pension income.RESULTS: Multivariate analysis was applied for analysing the data.The results identified that elderly individuals with low monthly incomes have the highest level feeling of inferior (OAS) (7,04), total external shame (OAS) (19,74), feeling of emptiness (OAS) (4,15), and mistakes (OAS) (7,43).Conclusions: It could be argued that the results of this study, despite of the reasonable limitations, leads to a redefinition of views about the impact of personal salary and pension on the sense of external and internal shame.

Violence risk and personality assessment in adolescents by Structured Assessment of Violence Risk in Youth (SAVRY) and high school personality questionnaire (HSPQ): Focus on protective factors strengthening

“…It also has good predictive validity for general, violent, and non-violent offenses at different follow-up times ( 38 , 43 ). This was also replicated in Czechia, as our SAVRY adaptations had an AUC of 0.865 predictive validity ( 24 , 42 ). There is demonstrated higher predictive validity for SAVRY in self-reported delinquency compared to the Youth Level of Service/Case Management Inventory (YLS/CMI) and the Psychopathy Checklist: Youth Version (PCL: YV) ( 42 ).…”

“…Inter-rater reliability and concurrent SAVRY validity were established, and the translation of Item 9, interruption of early care, was adjusted. Data were collected from 373 adolescents ( 24 ).…”

“…A dynamic cascade model of serious violence in adolescence is proposed, which links the above risk factors to a developmental model that begins with the birth of a child into a socially unfavorable environment. This subsequently increases stress within the family and negatively affects early parental competencies ( 22 , 24 ). Children from exclusionary environments had a significantly higher prevalence of dissociative symptoms, and heredity played a significant role in children growing up in disturbed environments, affecting aggressive behavior and environmental rule-breaking ( 25 ).…”

“…The use of alcohol as a coping mechanism acts as a disinhibitory factor, increasing the likelihood of violence ( 33 ). A lower IQ is also associated with violence perpetration ( 24 , 34 , 35 ).…”

“…Moreover, there is evidence that the SAVRY is more sensitive to change than the VRS-YV (Violence Risk Scale-Youth Version) or SAPROF-YV ( 44 ). Notably, the overall protective SAVRY domain was related to reoffence, buffering the effects of some of the risk domains ( 24 , 45 ). All 24 factors, including the specific protective factors of the SAVRY, are listed in the Section “2.2 Tools and 3 Results” below.…”